Clinical Profile and Pulmonary Function of Pediatric Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy at a Tertiary Government Hospital.

Objective: Our study aimed to determine the clinical profile and pulmonary function of pediatric patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). We also characterized the stages of progression of the disease and determined their potential association with spirometry variables.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used data obtained from a review of medical records of all pediatric patients (0-18 years old) with DMD seen in a multidisciplinary neuromuscular clinic of a tertiary government hospital from August 2018 until March 2020.

Diagnosis of Pediatric Stroke in Resource Limited Settings.

Global awareness of stroke as a significant cause of neurologic sequelae and death in children has increased over the years as more data in this field becomes available. However, most published literature on pediatric stroke have limited geographic representation. Data on childhood stroke from developing countries remains limited.

The association of online search interest with polio cases and vaccine coverage: an infodemiological and ecological study.

Achievement of universal eradication of paralytic poliomyelitis has remained a challenge. Despite the general decline in cases, multiple outbreaks attributed to poor vaccination still occur. Noncompliance from vaccination can be improved through education on various media platforms.

Association between early postoperative coagulation activation and peri-operative myocardial ischaemia in patients undergoing vascular surgery.

We investigated the association of peri-operative myocardial ischaemia with activation of coagulation and endogenous fibrinolysis in patients undergoing vascular surgery. In 50 patients, continuous Holter monitoring was performed to assess peri-operative myocardial ischaemia and 12-lead electrocardiography was recorded preoperatively and 72 h postoperatively to assess myocardial infarction. Serial blood samples were drawn peri-operatively to determine the concentrations of fibrin monomers (for activation of coagulation), D-dimer (for endogenous fibrinolysis) and cardiac troponin T and I.

Postoperative 12-lead ECG predicts peri-operative myocardial ischaemia associated with myocardial cell damage.

Peri-operative myocardial ischaemia is the single most important risk factor for an adverse cardiac outcome after non-cardiac surgery. The present study examines whether intermittent 12-lead ECG recordings can be used as an early warning tool to identify patients suffering from peri-operative myocardial ischaemia and subsequent myocardial cell damage. Fifty-five vascular surgery patients at risk for or with a history of coronary artery disease were monitored for peri-operative myocardial ischaemia using intermittent 12-lead ECG recordings taken pre-operatively and at 15 min, 20 h, 48 h, 72 h and 84 h postoperatively.

Effect of clonidine on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after noncardiac surgery.

Background: Perioperative myocardial ischemia occurs in 20-40% of patients at risk for cardiac morbidity and is associated with a ninefold increase in risk of cardiac morbidity.

Methods: In a prospective, double-blinded, clinical trial, we studied 190 patients with or at risk for coronary artery disease in two study groups with a 2:1 ratio (clonidine, n = 125 vs. placebo, n = 65) to test the hypothesis that prophylactic clonidine reduces the incidence of perioperative myocardial ischemia and postoperative death in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Effect of atenolol on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity after noncardiac surgery. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group.

Background: Perioperative myocardial ischemia is the single most important potentially reversible risk factor for mortality and cardiovascular complications after noncardiac surgery. Although more than 1 million patients have such complications annually, there is no effective preventive therapy.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to compare the effect of atenolol with that of a placebo on overall survival and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with or at risk for coronary artery disease who were undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Comparison of cardiac morbidity rates between aortic and infrainguinal operations: two-year follow-up. Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group.

Purpose: We have previously prospectively compared the differences in perioperative cardiac ischemic events in 140 patients undergoing major abdominal (n = 53) versus infrainguinal (n = 87) vascular operations. This study was designed to extend these observations by determining the 2-year cardiac prognosis of patients at high risk undergoing abdominal aortic versus infrainguinal vascular operations.

Methods: Data included historical, clinical, and laboratory data collected during the in-hospital period, and at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery.

Comparison of cardiac morbidity between aortic and infrainguinal operations. Study of Perioperative Ischemia (SPI) Research Group.

We prospectively compared the differences in perioperative cardiac ischemic events in 140 patients undergoing major abdominal (n = 53) versus infrainguinal (n = 87) vascular operations. Preoperative dipyridamole thallium cardiac scintigraphy was performed in a subset of 38 of these patients, with treating physicians blinded to the test results. Myocardial ischemia was measured during operation with use of continuous 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and transesophageal echocardiography.

Dipyridamole thallium-201 scintigraphy as a preoperative screening test. A reexamination of its predictive potential. Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group.

Background: We examined the value of dipyridamole thallium-201 (201Tl) scintigraphy as a preoperative screening test for perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction.

Methods And Results: We prospectively studied 60 patients undergoing elective vascular surgery. We performed 201Tl scintigraphy preoperatively and blinded all treating physicians to the results.

The "natural history" of segmental wall motion abnormalities in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. S.P.I. Research Group.

Intraoperative segmental wall motion abnormalities (SWMA) detected by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are sensitive, but not always specific, markers of myocardial ischemia. To determine their incidence, characteristics, and relation to postoperative cardiac morbidity, we continuously recorded the left ventricular short-axis view and 12-lead ECG in 156 high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Monitoring was clinically blinded.