Prevalence of HPV infection and anal and cervical cytological abnormalities in transgender people at a referral service in Vitória, Espírito Santo state, Brazil, between 2018 and 2021.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV and cytological alterations in the transgender population and contribute to the development of public policies.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in a transgender outpatient clinic in Vitória, Espírito Santo state, between 2018 and 2021. Data were collected through interviews and information from medical records.

Detection of respiratory viruses in primary cholesteatoma tissues.

Cholesteatomas are frequent middle ear benign tumors of unknown etiology. Infectious agents have been considered as possible contributing factors in the pathogenesis of cholesteatomas. Aiming to investigate the presence of respiratory viruses in primary cholesteatoma tissues, 26 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary cholesteatoma tissues obtained from patients seen at the of the Clinical Hospital of the University of São Paulo School of Medicine, in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Seasonality, molecular epidemiology, and virulence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): A perspective into the Brazilian Influenza Surveillance Program.

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the main cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. The complex evolution of RSV creates a need for worldwide surveillance, which may assist in the understanding of multiple viral aspects.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate RSV features under the Brazilian Influenza Surveillance Program, evaluating the role of viral load and genetic diversity in disease severity and the influence of climatic factors in viral seasonality.

Viral load and high prevalence of HR-HPV52 and 58 types in black women from rural communities.

Background: The high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer development, and the most common types were included in the last approved nonavalent vaccine (9vHPV). Geographical, socioeconomic and ethnic barriers in developing countries challenge primary and secondary prevention measures of cervical cancer. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and the viral load of HR-HPV 9vHPV-related types black women resident in rural semi-isolated communities.

EHEC O111:H8 strain and norovirus GII.4 Sydney [P16] causing an outbreak in a daycare center, Brazil, 2019.

Background: This study describes the investigation of an outbreak of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis (HC), and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) at a daycare center in southeastern Brazil, involving fourteen children, six staff members, six family members, and one nurse. All bacterial and viral pathogens detected were genetically characterized.

Results: Two isolates of a strain of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O111:H8 were recovered, one implicated in a case of HUS and the other in a case of uncomplicated diarrhea.

An outbreak due to a norovirus GII.Pe-GII.4 Sydney_2012 recombinant in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units.

Background: Noroviruses are the major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide in all age groups. The several genotypes, mutation, and recombination events guarantee the broad diffusion and maintenance of these viruses in the general human population. We described an outbreak caused by a norovirus recombinant strain screened in samples obtained from children and hospital staff affected in an outbreak of diarrhea at neonatal and pediatric intensive care units in Southeastern Brazil.

Cervical determinants of anal HPV infection and high-grade anal lesions in women: a collaborative pooled analysis.

Background: Cervical cancer screening might contribute to the prevention of anal cancer in women. We aimed to investigate if routine cervical cancer screening results-namely high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cytohistopathology-predict anal HPV16 infection, anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and, hence, anal cancer.

Methods: We did a systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane library for studies of cervical determinants of anal HPV and HSIL published up to Aug 31, 2018.

Detection and molecular characterization of the novel recombinant norovirus GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney in southeastern Brazil in 2016.

Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in all age groups worldwide. Despite the high genetic diversity of noroviruses, most AGE outbreaks are caused by a single norovirus genotype: GII.4.

The high prevalence of HPV and HPV16 European variants in cervical and anal samples of HIV-seropositive women with normal Pap test results.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-seropositive women are more likely to have anogenital cancer, and high risk-HPV (HR-HPV) infection is the main associated factor. Between August 2013 and December 2015, we conducted a descriptive study to determine the HPV genotypes and HPV16 variants in cervical and anal samples of HIV-seropositive women with a normal Pap test. The viral DNA was amplified by PCR using the PGMY09/11 set of primers.