Acute coronary syndromes.

Although substantial progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndromes, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death globally, with nearly half of these deaths due to ischaemic heart disease. The broadening availability of high-sensitivity troponin assays has allowed for rapid rule-out algorithms in patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Dual antiplatelet therapy is recommended for 12 months following an acute coronary syndrome in most patients, and additional secondary prevention measures including intensive lipid-lowering therapy (LDL-C <1·4 mmol/L), neurohormonal agents, and lifestyle modification, are crucial.

Reconstructing the early global dynamics of under-ascertained COVID-19 cases and infections.

Background: Asymptomatic or subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infections are often unreported, which means that confirmed case counts may not accurately reflect underlying epidemic dynamics. Understanding the level of ascertainment (the ratio of confirmed symptomatic cases to the true number of symptomatic individuals) and undetected epidemic progression is crucial to informing COVID-19 response planning, including the introduction and relaxation of control measures. Estimating case ascertainment over time allows for accurate estimates of specific outcomes such as seroprevalence, which is essential for planning control measures.

Effect of yoga exercise therapy on oxidative stress indicators with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

Background: Oxidative stress promotes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in chronic renal disease.

Objectives: This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga on oxidative stress indicators and oxidant status, in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis.

Design: This prospective randomized study consisted of 33 ESRD patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group who were matched with 35 ESRD patients in the control group.

Effect of exercise therapy on lipid parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

Background: Dyslipidemia has been established as a well-known traditional risk factor for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients.

Aim: This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga exercise on lipid parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis.

Materials And Methods: This prospective randomized study consisted of 33 ESRD patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group that was matched with 35 ESRD patients in the control group.

Progression from prehypertension to hypertension in a Jamaican cohort: incident hypertension and its predictors.

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of hypertension in people with and without prehypertension and determine the factors that predict progression to hypertension.

Methods: Data from a cohort of 25-74-year-old residents of Spanish Town, Jamaica, were analysed. All participants completed a structured questionnaire and had blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements and venous blood sampling performed by trained personnel.

The effect of feto-maternal size and childhood growth on left ventricular mass and arterial stiffness in Afro-Caribbean children.

We hypothesized that maternal size, fetal size and childhood growth are associated with childhood blood pressure, left ventricular mass (LVM) and arterial stiffness. The Vulnerable Windows Cohort is a longitudinal study of 569 mothers and their offspring. Anthropometry was measured on each child at birth, at 6 weeks, once in 3 months upto 2 years and then every 6 months.

Hydrophilicity, the major determining factor influencing the solvation environment of protic ionic liquids.

The study of solubility of 4-nitroaniline and its N,N-diethyl derivative in ionic liquids (ILs) of varying water content has shown that it is the interaction between water and the ILs' ions, and not with the solute, that is the most important factor determining the solute's preferential hydration parameter and thus the solvation shell structure.

Unexpected preferential dehydration of artemisinin in ionic liquids.

Thermodynamic measurements (at 298 K) reveal that a crucial step in the extraction process of the key antimalarial drug artemisinin by ionic liquids (ILs), namely, precipitation through the addition of water, is driven by artemisinin dehydration due to the differences in the water's interaction with the bulk ILs, rather than with the artemisinin itself.

The NCI Thesaurus quality assurance life cycle.

The National Cancer Institute Enterprise Vocabulary Services (NCI EVS) uses a wide range of quality assurance (QA) techniques to maintain and extend NCI Thesaurus (NCIt). NCIt is a reference terminology and biomedical ontology used in a growing number of NCI and other systems that extend from translational and basic research through clinical care to public information and administrative activities. Both automated and manual QA techniques are employed throughout the editing and publication cycle, which includes inserting and editing NCIt in NCI Metathesaurus.

Prevalence of carotid stenosis in a high-risk Caribbean population.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of carotid stenosis among patients presenting to the University Hospital of West Indies (UHWI) Accident and Emergency Department (A&E) with an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods: Beginning in August 2006, all patients presenting to the UHWI A&E with an acute stroke or TIA were screened for enrollment. Patients were excluded if they had a hemorrhagic stroke or if informed consent could not be obtained.

The CAP cancer protocols--a case study of caCORE based data standards implementation to integrate with the Cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid.

Background: The Cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid (caBIG) is a network of individuals and institutions, creating a world wide web of cancer research. An important aspect of this informatics effort is the development of consistent practices for data standards development, using a multi-tier approach that facilitates semantic interoperability of systems. The semantic tiers include (1) information models, (2) common data elements, and (3) controlled terminologies and ontologies.

NCI Thesaurus: a semantic model integrating cancer-related clinical and molecular information.

Over the last 8 years, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has launched a major effort to integrate molecular and clinical cancer-related information within a unified biomedical informatics framework, with controlled terminology as its foundational layer. The NCI Thesaurus is the reference terminology underpinning these efforts. It is designed to meet the growing need for accurate, comprehensive, and shared terminology, covering topics including: cancers, findings, drugs, therapies, anatomy, genes, pathways, cellular and subcellular processes, proteins, and experimental organisms.

The role of user input in shaping online information from the National Cancer Institute.

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) was among the first federal agencies to recognize the potential of the Internet for disseminating health-related information. The evolution and refinement of NCI's online cancer information has been substantially "user driven"-from the launch of CancerNet in 1995 to the recent redesign of its award-winning successor, the NCI website. This article presents an overview of NCI's multi-pronged approach to gathering input about its online information products, including stakeholder meetings, focus groups, standard and customized online user surveys, usability testing, heuristic reviews, and search log analysis.

NCI Thesaurus: using science-based terminology to integrate cancer research results.

Cancer researchers need to be able to organize and report their results in a way that others can find, build upon, and relate to the specific clinical conditions of individual patients. NCI Thesaurus is a description logic terminology based on current science that helps individuals and software applications connect and organize the results of cancer research, e.g.

Personality reconsidered: a considered response.

The article by Hooker and McAdams (2003) challenges psychologists to rethink some of the theoretical distinctions used in everyday research. Although their theory aims to integrate approaches to gathering and understanding data, such an integration may or may not be all encompassing, or indeed, desirable. Nonetheless, the six foci provide a framework as valid as any for the exploration of personality across a lifetime.