Readability of patient and family education materials on pediatric surgical association websites.

Purpose: Globally, pediatric surgical association websites present patient/family education materials on an extensive list of conditions, including descriptions of the condition, signs and symptoms, diagnostic modalities, and treatment options. The purpose of this project was to assess the readability of pediatric surgical association websites' patient/family education materials.

Methods: With IRB approval, we accessed all patient/family education materials on pediatric surgical association websites from around the globe and used multiple grade-level assessments and readability assessments to determine the reading level at which the information is presented.

Macroinvertebrate sensitivity thresholds for sediment in Virginia streams.

Sediment is the most commonly identified pollutant associated with macroinvertebrate community impairments in freshwater streams nationwide. Management of this physical stressor is complicated by the multiple measures of sediment available (e.g.