Understanding Causes of Death in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Narrative Review.

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive summary of the published data on cause of death in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Data Sources: PubMed (January 2015 to April 2024), bibliographies of relevant articles, and ARDS Network and Prevention & Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury (PETAL) network websites.

Study Selection: Observational studies and clinical trials that reported on cause of death in greater than or equal to 30 patients with ARDS, not obtained from death certificates.

Onset of effect and impact on health-related quality of life, exacerbation rate, lung function, and nasal polyposis symptoms for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma treated with benralizumab (ANDHI): a randomised, controlled, phase 3b trial.

Background: ANDHI was done to assess the efficacy of benralizumab, including onset of effect and impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), exacerbation rate, lung function, and nasal polyposis symptoms.

Methods: This phase 3b, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled ANDHI study was completed in adults (aged 18-75 years) with severe eosinophilic asthma with at least 2 exacerbations in the previous year, despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroid plus additional controllers, screening blood eosinophil counts of at least 150 cells per μL, and an Asthma Control Questionnaire 6 (ACQ-6) score of 1·5 or more. Patients who met eligibility criteria were randomly assigned (2:1; stratified by previous exacerbation count [two, or three or more], maintenance oral corticosteroid use, and region), using an integrated web-based response system, to receive benralizumab at 30 mg every 8 weeks (first three doses given 4 weeks apart) or matched placebo for 24 weeks.

Treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with etanercept: an exploratory, placebo-controlled trial.

Rationale: An efficacious medical therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains elusive.

Objectives: To explore the efficacy and safety of etanercept in the treatment of IPF.

Methods: This was a randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter exploratory trial in subjects with clinically progressive IPF.

Safety features of budesonide inhalation suspension in the long-term treatment of asthma in young children.

Early inhaled corticosteroid treatment improves symptom control and pulmonary function in children with asthma; however, long-term safety data are limited in infants and young children. This study assessed the long-term safety of budesonide inhalation suspension (BIS) in young children with persistent asthma. To continue to provide BIS to children who needed it-prior to US Food and Drug Administration approval-children 8 years of age or younger with mild, moderate, or severe persistent asthma who previously completed a 52-week open-label study of BIS were enrolled in an additional multicenter, open-label study that was to be concluded upon BIS approval.