Background: Understanding how individuals obtain medical information, especially amid changing guidance, is important for improving outreach and communication strategies. In particular, during a public health emergency, interest in unsafe or illegitimate medications can delay access to appropriate treatments and foster mistrust in the medical system, which can be detrimental at both individual and population levels. It is thus key to understand factors associated with said interest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine if preoperative intraperitoneal bupivacaine can minimize intra- and postoperative nociception/pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
Study Design: Prospective, randomized, investigator-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Animals: Forty-seven, intact female cats.
Background: While barriers to participation in physical activity are well documented, there is no consolidated evidence on strategies promoting participation of people with intellectual disability in physical activities.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review to examine initiatives used to facilitate the inclusion of people with intellectual disability in community-based sporting and recreation activities. We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL+ and PsycINFO for articles published in English between 2000 and 2022.
Ultrasonic backscatter techniques are being developed to detect changes in bone caused by osteoporosis and other diseases. Backscatter measurements performed at peripheral skeletal sites such as the heel may place the interrogated region of bone tissue in the acoustic near field of the transducer. The purpose of this study is to investigate how measurements in the near field affect backscatter parameters used for ultrasonic bone assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The ultrasonic properties of scalp may be relevant to a variety of applications including transcranial ultrasound. However, there is no information about the ultrasonic properties of scalp available in the literature. While ultrasonic studies of skin from other anatomic regions have been previously reported, scalp tissue is generally thicker with a higher density of hair follicles, blood vessels and sebaceous glands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) programs intend to improve medication safety but can add significant administrative burdens to providers and health systems. Various stakeholders have made efforts to use technology to improve REMS programs.
Objectives: The objective of this scoping review is to describe studies evaluating workflows, automation, or electronic data exchange related to REMS programs.
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay has a 96.1-99.2% negative predictive value (NPV) in pneumonia and may be used for early de-escalation of MRSA-active antibiotic agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnthropogenic disturbances associated with urban ecosystems can create favorable conditions for populations of some invasive plant species. Light pollution is one of these disturbances, but how it affects the growth and establishment of invasive plant populations is unknown. Cheatgrass () is a problematic invasive species where it has displaced native grassland communities in the United States, but to our knowledge, there have been no studies of the ecological factors that affect cheatgrass presence in urban ecosystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Advancement in genome engineering enables rapid and targeted disruption of any coding sequences to study gene functions or establish human disease models. We explored whether this approach can be used to study Gaucher disease, one of the most common types of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) in a near-haploid human cell line (HAP1).
Results: CRISPR-Cas9 targeting to coding sequences of β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA), the causative gene of Gaucher disease, resulted in an insertional mutation and premature termination of GBA.
Molecular imaging methods are powerful tools for gaining insight into the cellular organization of living cells. To understand the biogenesis and uptake of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as well as to engineer cell-derived vesicles for targeted drug delivery and therapy, genetic labeling with fluorescent proteins has increasingly been used to determine the structures, locations, and dynamics of EVs in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report a genetic method for the stable labeling of EVs to study their biogenesis and uptake in living human cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy for treating newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM), a primary brain tumor with short survival, was demonstrated in a clinical trial in 2005, and since then, the standard-of-care for newly diagnosed GBM has been maximal safe surgery followed by 60 Gray of radiation with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ (standard radiotherapy and TMZ). In 2009, clinical trials also reported on the efficacy of bevacizumab for treating recurrent GBM. We performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the impact of treatment regimens on overall survival for patients with GBM at a rural tertiary healthcare practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The hygiene hypothesis suggests that microbial replacement may be therapeutic in allergic and autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, the results of helminth treatment, including in multiple sclerosis (MS), have been inconclusive.
Objective: To assess safety and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity in subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) during oral administration of ova from the porcine whipworm, Trichuris suis (TSO).
California State University San Marcos (CSUSM) and San Marcos Elementary Schools have established a partnership to offer a large-scale community service learning opportunity to enrich science curriculum for K-5 students. It provides an opportunity for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) majors to give back to the community, allowing them to experience teaching in an elementary classroom setting, in schools that lack the resources and science instructor specialization needed to instill consistent science curricula. CSUSM responded to this need for more STEM education by mobilizing its large STEM student body to design hands-on, interactive science lessons based on Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
April 2017
Purpose: Newborn hearing screening (NHS) procedures and implementation vary from state to state in the US. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content and nature of information provided to parents about their infant's NHS across states to answer two questions: 1) what information is included in each state's parent information brochure? and 2) do the brochures include educational information requested by parents that may help reduce parental anxiety, improve satisfaction, and decrease the potential for misunderstandings?
Method: Each state's parent brochures and educational resources provided to parents were accessed via the National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management (NCHAM) website, categorized, and reviewed for content.
Results: Results indicate that the information provided to parents varies considerably across states and many brochures do not contain important information that is desired by parents.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate transportation practices of caregivers who transport children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
Method: We reviewed documented transportation evaluations of children with ASD. The evaluations were conducted by pediatric occupational therapists at an outpatient center of a large children's hospital.
J Contin Educ Nurs
February 2013
Background: The population of adults with congenital heart defects is rapidly expanding. Formal and informal nursing education offers little if any training in the care of adults with congenital heart defects, creating a disparity between the growing need for care for these patients and the availability of knowledgeable providers.
Methods: A needs assessment survey was conducted to assess educational needs, use of available resources, and learning method preferences of nurses within a Midwestern community hospital (N = 800).
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a very rare hematopoietic neoplasm that has been reported in association with other hematological malignancies. Presentation of HS in the central nervous system is even less common. Diagnosis of HS requires the presence of histiocytic markers and the systematic exclusion of markers of other cell lineages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsually dentists in Australia give patients oral antibiotics after dentoalveolar surgery as a prophylaxis against wound infection. When this practice is compared to the principle of antibiotic prophylaxis in major surgery it is found to be at variance in a number of ways. In major surgery, the risk of infection should be high, and the consequences of infection severe or catastrophic, before antibiotic prophylaxis is ordered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Major salivary gland pathology is an uncommon but important finding which may initially present to general dental and medical practitioners. The consequences of misdiagnosis are important, as acute obstruction and neoplasia are the main pathological lesions diagnosed. The purpose of this study was to analyze a consecutive series of major gland pathologies treated surgically to determine diagnostic and treatment problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To compare the accuracy of fast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using the half-Fourier single shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) sequence with helical computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing bowel obstruction.
Materials And Methods: Prospective evaluation of 44 patients with clinical evidence of bowel obstruction was conducted using various investigations including HASTE MR and helical CT. MR was performed with a Siemens 1.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
March 2001
A cross-sectional study examined whether there was a difference in endogenous serum sex hormone levels between community-dwelling postmenopausal women with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy controls. Total morning levels of serum estrone, estradiol, androstenedione, testosterone, and cortisol were measured in 52 nondepressed women with AD and 60 postmenopausal women who were neither depressed nor cognitively impaired. Estradiol was undetectable in 35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive-behavioral models suggest that pain patients' beliefs about their pain play a critical role in their adjustment. This study sought to replicate and extend previous research that has examined the relationship between pain-specific beliefs and adjustment to chronic pain. Two hundred forty-one chronic pain patients evaluated for possible admission to an inpatient pain treatment program completed the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) and the Survey of Pain Attitudes (SOPA), as well as measures of pain, medical services utilization and demographic characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Biomed Eng
November 1992
Noninvasive imaging has proven successful in the evaluation of valvular heart disease; primarily with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and color Doppler ultrasound (CFM). However, the relationship between the morphology of regurgitant flow in MRI and CFM, as a function of hemodynamic parameters (chamber pressure difference, lesion size, compliance, etc.) is not understood.
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