Effect of Monthly Vitamin D Supplementation on Preventing Exacerbations of Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Older Adults: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Randomized controlled trials have suggested that vitamin D supplementation can prevent asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. For COPD, the benefit appears to be limited to individuals with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels <25 nmol/L. We performed a post hoc analysis of data from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the effect that monthly, high-dose vitamin D supplementation (versus placebo) had on older adults with asthma and/or COPD.

Incidence of venous thromboembolism after total hip, total knee and hip fracture surgery at Waitemata District Health Board following a peer-reviewed audit.

Aim: The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following arthroplasty and hip fracture surgery remains an important metric for quality and financial reasons. An audit at our institution between 2006-2010 showed a higher VTE rate than international data did at the time. This study aims to determine rates of DVT and PE in patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty and hip fracture surgery at Waitemata District Health Board (Waitemata DHB) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2016.

Risk factors for reporting adverse events and for study withdrawal in a population-based trial of vitamin D supplementation.

With increasing numbers of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating potential health events of vitamin D supplementation, a better understanding is required of the risk factors for adverse events and for study withdrawals. This analysis aimed to identify baseline risk factors of reporting an adverse event in a multi-year randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation. The secondary aim was to investigate if adverse events were associated with study withdrawals.

Effect of Monthly High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Acute Respiratory Infections in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Although adults with low vitamin D status are at increased risk of acute respiratory infection (ARI), randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation have provided inconsistent results.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 5110 adults aged 50-84 years. In 2011-2012, participants were randomized to an initial oral dose of 200 000 IU vitamin D3 followed by 100 000 IU monthly (n = 2558) or placebo (n = 2552) until late 2013 (median follow-up, 1.

Monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation does not increase kidney stone risk or serum calcium: results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are investigating the potential health benefits of high-dose vitamin D supplementation. However, there are limited RCT data on the safety of calcium-related adverse effects.

Objective: We investigated the incidence of kidney stone and hypercalcemia events in a large, population-based RCT of vitamin D supplementation.

Post-operative mortality rates for neck of femur fracture at Waitemata District Health Board.

Aim: Mortality rates of up to 38% at one year have been reported following surgery for neck of femur fractures. The aim of this review is to evaluate the post-operative mortality rates and trends over time for patients with fractured neck of femur at Waitemata District Health Board.

Method: A retrospective cohort study of all patients who received surgery following a neck of femur fracture at Waitemata District Health Board between 2009 and 2016.

Adverse events from large dose vitamin D supplementation taken for one year or longer.

In recent years, clinical trials increasingly have given large doses of vitamin D supplements to investigate possible health benefits beyond bone at high 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. However, there are few publications on the safety of high-dose vitamin D given long term. The study objective was to investigate the cumulative relative risk (RR) of total adverse events, kidney stones, hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria from ≥2800 IU/d vitamin D or D supplementation, followed for one year or more in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and self-reported chronic pain in older adults: A cross-sectional analysis from the ViDA study.

Chronic pain is a major contributor to the global burden of disability. Prior studies on the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and chronic pain have yielded mixed results. The Vitamin D Assessment study, a large randomized controlled trial from New Zealand, offered the opportunity to examine this association in data collected at baseline in all participants, and among those with arthritis or depression.

Cross-sectional associations of vitamin D status with asthma prevalence, exacerbations, and control in New Zealand adults.

Background: Previous studies, mostly with children, have reported inconsistent findings on the associations of vitamin D status with asthma prevalence, exacerbations, and control. Because of limited research with adults, we examined these associations in a large community-based sample of New Zealand adults.

Methods: 5110 participants, aged 50-84 years, were recruited from the community into a clinical trial of vitamin D supplementation.

Feasibility and reliability of clinical coding surveillance for the routine monitoring of adverse drug events in New Zealand hospitals.

Aim: To explore the feasibility and reliability of Clinical Coding Surveillance (CCS) for the routine monitoring of Adverse Drug Events (ADE) and describe the characteristics of harm identified through this approach in a large district health board (DHB).

Method: All hospital admissions at Waitemata DHB from 2015 to 2016 with an ADE-related ICD10-AM code of Y40-Y59, X40-X49 or T36-T50 were extracted from clinical coded data. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics, statistical process control and Pareto charts.

Monthly high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation and self-reported adverse events in a 4-year randomized controlled trial.

Background: The use of high-dose vitamin D supplementation has increased in recent years. However, relatively little is known about the safety of long-term high doses.

Aims: To investigate the safety of a monthly high-dose of vitamin D supplementation taken for up to 4 years.

Monthly High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation and Cancer Risk: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Vitamin D Assessment Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous randomized clinical trials have reported inconsistent results on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cancer incidence.

Objective: To examine whether high-dose vitamin D supplementation received monthly, without calcium, is associated with a reduction in cancer incidence and cancer mortality in the general population.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a post hoc analysis of data from the Vitamin D Assessment (ViDA) study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that recruited participants from family practices and community groups in Auckland, New Zealand, from April 5, 2011, through November 6, 2012, with follow-up completed December 31, 2015.

Monthly vitamin D supplementation, pain, and pattern of analgesic prescription: secondary analysis from the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Vitamin D Assessment study.

Observational studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher risk of pain. However, evidence on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain is limited and contradictory. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation on a pain impact questionnaire (PIQ-6) score and prescription of analgesics in the general population.

Effect of Monthly, High-Dose, Long-Term Vitamin D on Lung Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Although observational studies suggest positive vitamin D-lung function associations, randomized trials are inconsistent. We examined effects of vitamin D supplementation on lung function. We recruited 442 adults (50-84 years, 58% male) into a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Effect of monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation on falls and non-vertebral fractures: secondary and post-hoc outcomes from the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled ViDA trial.

Background: Adults with low concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in blood have an increased risk of falls and fractures, but randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation have had inconsistent results. We aimed to assess the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on fractures and falls.

Methods: The Vitamin D Assessment (ViDA) Study was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of healthy volunteers aged 50-84 years conducted at one centre in Auckland, New Zealand.

Effect of Monthly High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiovascular Disease in the Vitamin D Assessment Study : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Cohort studies have reported increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with low vitamin D status. To date, randomized clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation have not found an effect, possibly because of using too low a dose of vitamin D.

Objective: To examine whether monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation prevents CVD in the general population.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: There is conflicting evidence from previous qualitative reviews on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain.

Objective: To determine with quantitative methods if vitamin D supplementation lowers pain levels.

Study Design: Quantitative meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and kidney stones in long-term studies of vitamin D supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Vitamin D supplementation is increasingly being used in higher doses in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, adverse events from very large annual doses of vitamin D have been shown in 2 RCTs, whereas in a third RCT, low-dose vitamin D, with calcium supplements, was shown to increase kidney stone risk.

Objective: We analyzed the side effects related to calcium metabolism in RCTs, specifically hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and kidney stones, in participants who were given vitamin D supplements for ≥24 wk compared with in subjects in the placebo arm.

The Vitamin D Assessment (ViDA) Study: design of a randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, acute respiratory infection, falls and non-vertebral fractures.

Observational studies have shown that low vitamin D status is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, acute respiratory infection, falls and non-vertebral fractures. We recruited 5110 Auckland adults, aged 50-84 years, into a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to test whether vitamin D supplementation protects against these four major outcomes. The intervention is a monthly cholecalciferol dose of 100,000IU (2.

The global burden of ischemic stroke: findings of the GBD 2010 study.

This study sought to summarize the findings of the GBD 2010 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors) study for ischemic stroke (IS) and to report the impact of tobacco smoking on IS burden in specific countries. The GBD 2010 searched multiple databases to identify relevant studies published between 1990 and 2010. The GBD 2010 analytical tools were used to calculate region-specific IS incidence, mortality, mortality-to-incidence ratio, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost, including 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).

The global burden of hemorrhagic stroke: a summary of findings from the GBD 2010 study.

This report summarizes the findings of the GBD 2010 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors) study for hemorrhagic stroke (HS). Multiple databases were searched for relevant studies published between 1990 and 2010. The GBD 2010 study provided standardized estimates of the incidence, mortality, mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost for HS (including intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage) by age, sex, and income level (high-income countries [HIC]; low- and middle-income countries [LMIC]) for 21 GBD 2010 regions in 1990, 2005, and 2010.