Inhibitory and inductive effects of Phikud Navakot extract on human cytochrome P450.

Effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Phikud Navakot (PN), a Thai traditional remedy, on human cytochrome P450s (CYPs) were investigated in vitro. Selective substrates of CYPs were used to investigate the effects and kinetics of PN on CYP inhibition using human liver microsomes. Primary human hepatocytes were used to assess the inductive effects of PN on CYP enzyme activities and protein expressions.

Triclosan potentiates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in anoikis-resistant human lung cancer cells.

Alteration of cancer cell toward mesenchymal phenotype has been shown to potentiate tumor aggressiveness by increasing cancer cell metastasis. Herein, we report the effect of triclosan, a widely used antibacterial agent found in many daily products, in enhancing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in aggressive anoikis resistant human H460 lung cancer cells. EMT has been long known to increase abilities of the cells to increase migration, invasion, and survival in circulating system.

Silver nanoparticles induce toxicity in A549 cells via ROS-dependent and ROS-independent pathways.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are incorporated into a large number of consumer and medical products. Several experiments have demonstrated that AgNPs can be toxic to the vital organs of humans and especially to the lung. The present study evaluated the in vitro mechanisms of AgNP (<100 nm) toxicity in relationship to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells.

Lead inhibits paraoxonase 2 but not paraoxonase 1 activity in human hepatoma HepG2 cells.

Lead is an environmental toxicant of great concern for humans and animals. Lead-induced liver damage and malfunction are partly due to a disturbance of the cellular antioxidant balance. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and PON2 are highly expressed in the liver and have been proposed as antioxidative enzymes.

In vitro inhibitory effects of asiaticoside and madecassoside on human cytochrome P450.

The inhibitory effects and types of inhibition of asiaticoside and madecassoside on human CYPs were studied in vitro using recombinant human CYPs. The median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of asiaticoside and madecassoside were determined for CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4. Asiaticoside inhibited CYP2C19 (IC50 = 412.

Effects of Curcuma comosa on the expression of atherosclerosis-related cytokine genes in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet.

Aim Of The Study: Curcuma comosa has been known to have potential use in cardiovascular diseases, but its immunoregulatory role in atherosclerosis development and liver toxicity has not been well studied. We therefore investigated the effects of Curcuma comosa on the expression of atherosclerosis-related cytokine genes in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet.

Materials And Methods: Twelve male New Zealand White rabbits were treated with 1.

Paraxanthine/caffeine ratio: as an index for CYP1A2 activity in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposed subjects.

Unlabelled: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment and originate from incomplete combustion process of organic materials. These compounds are bioactivated to reactive metabolites which bind covalently to DNA and subsequently initiate carcinogenesis. PAHs have been well established as an enzyme inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP) such as CYP1A1 and CYP1A2.