Green Nanotechnology: Naturally Sourced Nanoparticles as Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Agents Against Infectious Diseases.

The escalating threat of infectious diseases, exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and biofilm formation, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies. This review presents a comprehensive exploration of the potential of nanoparticles synthesized from natural sources, including plant extracts, microbial products, and marine compounds, as antimicrobial agents. These naturally derived nanoparticles demonstrated significant antibiofilm and antivirulence effects, with specific examples revealing their capacity to reduce biofilm mass by up to 78% and inhibit bacterial quorum sensing by 65%.

Inspiring Undergraduate Student Training in Alzheimer's Research (USTAR): Training the Next Generation of Aging Scientists.

Inspiring Undergraduate Student Training in Alzheimer's Research (USTAR) aims to provide Underrepresented Minority (URM) undergraduate students with mentored didactic, clinical, and research experiences to stimulate interest in research related to Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). USTAR specifically focuses on social determinants of health (SDOH) as risk factors for ADRD minoritized populations. USTAR's scientific rationale is that URM undergraduates are less likely to enter the biomedical workforce.

Updated WHO list of emerging pathogens for a potential future pandemic: Implications for public health and global preparedness.

Historically, pandemics constitute a major nuisance to public health. They have a debilitating impact on global health with previous occurrences causing major mortalities worldwide. The adverse outcomes are not limited to health outcomes but ravage the social, economic, and political landscapes.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken and their respective farms environment in Malaysia.

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) is an increasing public health threat. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from broiler chicken and their farm environment, in Kelantan Malaysia.

Navigating the Criminal Justice System: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence on the Experiences of Homicide Covictims.

Homicide is considered a crime against the state rather than the covictims, which impacts criminal justice system (CJS) processes and can lead to secondary victimization. This review explores the experience of covictims (i.e.

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Optimize Antivenom Therapy for Carpet Viper (Echis romani)-Envenomed Children in Nigeria.

In an open randomized controlled trial, we compared one vial (10 mL) to two vials (20 mL) of EchiTAb-plus-ICP (EPI) antivenom among children with systemic carpet viper (Echis romani) envenoming of moderate severity in northeastern Nigeria. Systemic envenoming, presenting with incoagulable blood, was diagnosed using the 20-minute whole blood clotting test (20WBCT). Eligible patients with positive 20WBCT whose guardians assented were recruited and randomly allocated to receive either one vial or two vials of EPI administered either as a bolus or as a slow continuous infusion.

Estimation of inflammatory cytokines in maternal serum for assessing the outcome of threatened miscarriage.

Objectives: This study investigates the use of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in predicting the outcome of pregnancy complicated by threatened miscarriage.

Materials And Methods: Of the 140 eligible pregnant women recruited for the study, maternal serum levels of selected inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-13) for 70 women with threatened miscarriage were analysed for this study. Serum concentrations were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.

Patient, carer and family experiences of seeking redress and reconciliation following a life-changing event: Systematic review of qualitative evidence.

Introduction: We conducted a systematic review of qualitative evidence to improve understanding of the processes and outcomes of redress and reconciliation following a life-changing event from the perspectives of individuals experiencing the event and their families.

Methods: We searched six bibliographic databases for primary qualitative evidence exploring the views of individuals who have experienced a life-changing event, and/or their family or carers, of redress or reconciliation processes. This was supplemented with targeted database searches, forward and backward citation chasing and searches of Google Scholar and relevant websites.

Precise CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutation of a membrane trafficking domain in the vesicular monoamine transporter gene.

Monoamine neurotransmitters such as noradrenalin are released from both synaptic vesicles (SVs) and large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs), the latter mediating extrasynaptic signaling. The contribution of synaptic versus extrasynaptic signaling to circuit function and behavior remains poorly understood. To address this question, we have previously used transgenes encoding a mutation in the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter () that shifts amine release from SVs to LDCVs.

Optimising the prescribing of drugs that may cause dependency: An evidence and gap map of systematic reviews.

Objectives: We set out to map the quantitative and qualitative systematic review evidence available to inform the optimal prescribing of drugs that can cause dependency (benzodiazepines, opioids, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, gabapentinoids and antidepressants). We also consider how this evidence can be used to inform decision-making in the patient care pathway for each type of medication.

Methods: Eight bibliographic databases were searched for the period 2010 to 2020.

The protein kinases of Dictyostelia and their incorporation into a signalome.

Protein kinases are major regulators of cellular processes, but the roles of most kinases remain unresolved. Dictyostelid social amoebas have been useful in identifying functions for 30% of its kinases in cell migration, cytokinesis, vesicle trafficking, gene regulation and other processes but their upstream regulators and downstream effectors are mostly unknown. Comparative genomics can assist to distinguish between genes involved in deeply conserved core processes and those involved in species-specific innovations, while co-expression of genes as evident from comparative transcriptomics can provide cues to the protein complement of regulatory networks.

Regulation and modulation of biogenic amine neurotransmission in and .

Neurotransmitters are crucial for the relay of signals between neurons and their target. Monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and histamine are found in both invertebrates and mammals and are known to control key physiological aspects in health and disease. Others, such as octopamine (OA) and tyramine (TA), are abundant in invertebrates.

Inter-rater reliability and prognostic value of baseline Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) scores in observational cohort studies of inpatients with COVID-19.

Objectives: To reliably quantify the radiographic severity of COVID-19 pneumonia with the Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) score on clinical chest X-rays among inpatients and examine the prognostic value of baseline RALE scores on COVID-19 clinical outcomes.

Setting: Hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in dedicated wards and intensive care units from two different hospital systems.

Participants: 425 patients with COVID-19 in a discovery data set and 415 patients in a validation data set.

Feasibility and desirability of screening search results from Google Search exhaustively for systematic reviews: A cross-case analysis.

A commonly reported challenge of using Google Search to identify studies for a systematic review is the high number of results retrieved. Thus, 'stopping rules' are applied when screening, such as screening only the first 100 results. However, recent evidence shows that Google Search estimates a much higher number of results than the viewable number, raising the possibility of exhaustive screening.

Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) Scores are Highly Reproducible and Prognostic of Clinical Outcomes for Inpatients with COVID-19.

Introduction: Chest imaging is necessary for diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, but current risk stratification tools do not consider radiographic severity. We quantified radiographic heterogeneity among inpatients with COVID-19 with the Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) score on Chest X-rays (CXRs).

Methods: We performed independent RALE scoring by ≥2 reviewers on baseline CXRs from 425 inpatients with COVID-19 (discovery dataset), we recorded clinical variables and outcomes, and measured plasma host-response biomarkers and SARS-CoV-2 RNA load from subjects with available biospecimens.

Interactome and evolutionary conservation of Dictyostelid small GTPases and their direct regulators.

GTP binding proteins known as small GTPases make up one of the largest groups of regulatory proteins and control almost all functions of living cells. Their activity is under, respectively, positive and negative regulation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), which together with their upstream regulators and the downstream targets of the small GTPases form formidable signalling networks. While genomics has revealed the large size of the GTPase, GEF and GAP repertoires, only a small fraction of their interactions and functions have yet been experimentally explored.

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Case of Solitary Brain Lesion.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an uncommon variant of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) that involves the brain, leptomeninges, eyes, or spinal cord without evidence of systemic disease. This article presents a case of a 63-year-old Caucasian female with high-grade B-cell lymphoma who was found to have a solitary brain lesion and no distant metastasis upon diagnosis. The patient had left-sided weakness and difficulty standing on presentation and was found to have a right frontal lobe mass with surrounding mild vasogenic edema and a small focal area of hemorrhage concerning for high-grade glioma versus lymphoma on MRI.

Nasopharyngeal Swab for COVID-19 Test Necessitating Mechanical Ventilation and Tracheostomy.

We present the first-ever reported case of massive epistaxis following nasopharyngeal (NP) swabbing requiring intubation and tracheostomy. A 67-year-old male with a mechanical aortic valve on warfarin presented from a nursing home to the emergency department with hypoxia. NP swab for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was obtained, immediately followed by significant epistaxis.

Chemical composition and acaricidal activity of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against the vector of tropical bovine piroplasmosis, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus.

Ticks are of great economic importance to humans and animals due to their role in disease transmission. The application of synthetic, chemical acaricides on the animal and/or the environment (the most used tick control method globally) has led to the selection of tick populations that are resistant. Their adverse effects on ecology and human and animal health cannot be overemphasised.

QSAR, molecular docking, design, and pharmacokinetic analysis of 2-(4-fluorophenyl) imidazol-5-ones as anti-breast cancer drug compounds against MCF-7 cell line.

The anti-proliferative activities of Novel series of 2-(4-fluorophenyl) imidazol-5-ones against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line were explored via in-slico studies which includes Quantitative structure-activity relationship QSAR, molecular docking studies, designing new compounds, and analyzing the pharmacokinetics properties of the designed compounds. From the QSAR analysis, model number one emerged the best as seen from the arithmetic assessments of (R) = 0.6981, (R) = 0.

A 45-Year-Old Man with Scleroderma Renal Crisis Associated with a History of Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma.

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma (ssSSc) with renal crisis is difficult because of its unusual presentation and rarity. CASE REPORT A 45-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with worsening nausea, vomiting, and exertional dyspnea for 3 weeks. Initial examination showed blood pressure 182/108 mmHg without skin thickening or other skin manifestations.

In silico design and molecular docking study of CDK2 inhibitors with potent cytotoxic activity against HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line.

Background: Colorectal cancer is common to both sexes; third in terms of morbidity and second in terms of mortality, accounting for 10% and 9.2% of cancer cases in men and women globally. Although drugs such as bevacizumab, Camptosar, and cetuximab are being used to manage colorectal cancer, the efficacy of the drugs has been reported to vary from patient to patient.