Uncertainty quantification in coupled wildfire-atmosphere simulations at scale.

Uncertainties in wildfire simulations pose a major challenge for making decisions about fire management, mitigation, and evacuations. However, ensemble calculations to quantify uncertainties are prohibitively expensive with high-fidelity models that are needed to capture today's ever-more intense and severe wildfires. This work shows that surrogate models trained on related data enable scaling multifidelity uncertainty quantification to high-fidelity wildfire simulations of unprecedented scale with billions of degrees of freedom.

Pyrimidine Triones as Potential Activators of p53 Mutants.

p53 is a crucial tumor suppressor in vertebrates that is frequently mutated in human cancers. Most mutations are missense mutations that render p53 inactive in suppressing tumor initiation and progression. Developing small-molecule drugs to convert mutant p53 into an active, wild-type-like conformation is a significant focus for personalized cancer therapy.

The relations between growth mindset, motivational beliefs, and career interest in math intensive fields in informal STEM youth programs.

Past research has shown that growth mindset and motivational beliefs have an important role in math and science career interest in adolescence. Drawing on situated expectancy-value theory (SEVT), this study extends these findings by investigating the role of parental motivational beliefs (e.g.

Children's and adolescents' evaluations of wealth-related STEM inequality.

The fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are rife with inequalities and under-representation that have their roots in childhood. While researchers have focused on gender and race/ethnicity as two key dimensions of inequality, less attention has been paid to wealth. To this end, and drawing from the Social Reasoning Development approach, we examined children's and adolescents' perceptions of STEM ability and access to opportunities as a function of wealth, as well as their desire to rectify such inequalities.

Developmental Trajectories of Adolescents' Math Motivation: The Role of Mindset and Perceptions of Informal STEM Learning Site Inclusivity.

Motivation is a key factor in engagement, achievement, and career choices in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). While existing research has focused on student motivation toward math in formal school programs, new work is needed that focuses on motivation for those involved in informal STEM programs. Specifically, the role of math mindset and perceived inclusivity of informal STEM sites (to those of varying gender and ethnic backgrounds) on longitudinal trajectories of adolescents' math motivation has not been explored.

Novel stem cell technologies are powerful tools to understand the impact of human factors on malaria.

parasites have a complex life cycle, but the most clinically relevant stage of the disease is the invasion of erythrocytes and the proliferation of the parasite in the blood. The influence of human genetic traits on malaria has been known for a long time, however understanding the role of the proteins involved is hampered by the anuclear nature of erythrocytes that makes them inaccessible to genetic tools. Here we overcome this limitation using stem cells to generate erythroid cells with an differentiation protocol and assess parasite invasion with an adaptation of flow cytometry to detect parasite hemozoin.

Reciprocal Associations Between Science Efficacy, STEM Identity and Scientist Career Interest Among Adolescent Girls within the Context of Informal Science Learning.

Limited research has explored the longitudinal pathway to youth career interests via identity and efficacy together. This study examined the longitudinal associations between science efficacy, STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) identity, and scientist career interest among girls who are historically considered as an underrepresented group among scientists. The sample included 308 girls (M  = 15.

Simultaneous Integrated Boost for Dose Escalation in Node-Positive Cervical Cancer: 5-Year Experience in a Single Institution.

This study retrospectively evaluates clinical outcomes of dose escalation to involved nodes using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) for node-positive locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) at a single institution. Consecutive patients with node-positive LACC (FIGO IIIC1-IVA) who received definitive chemoradiotherapy by VMAT 45 Gy in 25 fractions with SIB to 55-57.5 Gy, followed by magnetic resonance image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) between 2018 and 2022 were identified.

Preparing the Next Generation for STEM: Adolescent Profiles Encompassing Math and Science Motivation and Interpersonal Skills and Their Associations With Identity and Belonging.

Science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workers need both motivation and interpersonal skills in STEM disciplines. The aims of the study were to identify clusters of adolescents who vary in math and science motivation and interpersonal skills and to explore what factors are related to membership in a high math and science motivation and interpersonal skills cluster. Participants included 467 adolescents (312 female;  = 15.

Small-molecule correctors and stabilizers to target p53.

The tumor suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated protein in human cancer and tops the list of high-value precision oncology targets. p53 prevents initiation and progression of cancer by inducing cell-cycle arrest and various forms of cell death. Tumors have thus evolved ways to inactivate p53, mainly by TP53 mutations or by hyperactive p53 degradation.

The importance of trust in the relation between COVID-19 information from social media and well-being among adolescents and young adults.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, young people have been exposed to distressing content about COVID-19 without knowing whether they can trust such content. This indicates a need to examine the effects of social media use on mental health and well-being. Existing research provides an inconsistent impression of such effects.

Interest, Mindsets and Engagement: Longitudinal Relations in Science Orientations for Adolescents in Informal Science Programs.

Little is known about the factors that influence engagement for adolescents participating in informal youth science programs. This study examined longitudinal reciprocal associations between adolescents' science engagement, interest, and growth mindset. Participants were adolescents (M = 15.

Gender Stereotypes and Peer Selection in STEM Domains Among Children and Adolescents.

Gender stereotypes are harmful for girls' enrollment and performance in science and mathematics. So far, less is known about children's and adolescents' stereotypes regarding technology and engineering. In the current study, participants' ( = 1,206, girls  = 623; 5-17-years-old,  = 8.

Differential integrated stress response and asparagine production drive symbiosis and therapy resistance of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells.

The pancreatic tumor microenvironment drives deregulated nutrient availability. Accordingly, pancreatic cancer cells require metabolic adaptations to survive and proliferate. Pancreatic cancer subtypes have been characterized by transcriptional and functional differences, with subtypes reported to exist within the same tumor.

Promoting Diverse Youth's Career Development through Informal Science Learning: The Role of Inclusivity and Belonging.

Little research has examined the associations between perceived inclusivity within informal science learning sites, youth program belonging and perceptions of program career preparation. This study explored relations between these factors at three timepoints (T1 = start of program, T2 = 3 months and T3 = 12 months after start). Participants were a diverse sample of 209 adolescents participating in STEM youth programs within informal science learning sites situated in the United States and United Kingdom (70% females: M  = 15.

Optimising prescribing practices in older adults with multimorbidity: a scoping review of guidelines.

Objective: Inappropriate polypharmacy occurs when multiple medications are prescribed without clear indications or where harms outweigh their benefits. The aims of this scoping review are to (1) identify prescribing guidelines that are available for older adults with multimorbidity and (2) to identify cross-cutting themes used in these guidelines.

Design: Scoping review.

Assessing adolescents' critical health literacy: How is trust in government leadership associated with knowledge of COVID-19?

This study explored relations between COVID-19 news source, trust in COVID-19 information source, and COVID-19 health literacy in 194 STEM-oriented adolescents and young adults from the US and the UK. Analyses suggest that adolescents use both traditional news (e.g.

Children's Gender Stereotypes in STEM Following a One-Shot Growth Mindset Intervention in a Science Museum.

Women are drastically underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and this underrepresentation has been linked to gender stereotypes and ability related beliefs. One way to remedy this may be to challenge male bias gender stereotypes around STEM by cultivating equitable beliefs that both female and male can excel in STEM. The present study implemented a growth mindset intervention to promote children's incremental ability beliefs and investigate the relation between the intervention and children's gender stereotypes in an informal science learning site.

Inhibition of Caffeine Metabolism by and Families of Plant Products in Humans: and Studies.

Daily consumption of caffeinated beverages is considered safe but serious health consequences do happen in some individuals. The and families of plant (ARFP) products are popular foods and medicines in the world. We previously reported significant amounts of furanocoumarin bioactive such as 8-methoxypsoralen, 5-methoxypsoralen, and isopimpinellin in ARFP products.

Understanding Parents' Roles in Children's Learning and Engagement in Informal Science Learning Sites.

Informal science learning sites (ISLS) create opportunities for children to learn about science outside of the classroom. This study analyzed children's learning behaviors in ISLS using video recordings of family visits to a zoo, children's museum, or aquarium. Furthermore, parent behaviors, features of the exhibits and the presence of an educator were also examined in relation to children's behaviors.

Science and Math Interest and Gender Stereotypes: The Role of Educator Gender in Informal Science Learning Sites.

Interest in science and math plays an important role in encouraging STEM motivation and career aspirations. This interest decreases for girls between late childhood and adolescence. Relatedly, positive mentoring experiences with female teachers can protect girls against losing interest.

Learning hand in hand: Engaging in research-practice partnerships to advance developmental science.

Developmental science research often involves research questions developed by academic teams, which are tested within community or educational settings. In this piece, we outline the importance of research-practice partnerships, which involve both research and practice-based partners collaborating at each stage of the research process. We articulate challenges and benefits of these partnerships for developmental science research, identify relevant research frameworks that may inform these partnerships, and provide an example of an ongoing research-practice partnership.