The impact of vitamin D3 administration and of high fat diet on oxidative stress and inflammation in experimentally induced polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with obesity and may be exacerbated by the lack of vitamin D3.

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D3 administration in female rats with PCOS and prolonged high fat diet (HFD).

Methods: Forty-four female Wistar rats, 180-200 g, 10 weeks old, were randomly allocated into 2 groups (n=22) that received a single dose intramuscular injection of: sesame oil (group I), or estradiol valerate (5 mg) in sesame oil (group II).

The Role of an MRI-Based Radiomic Signature in Predicting Malignancy of Parotid Gland Tumors.

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of MRI radiomic features to differentiate between benign parotid gland tumors (BPGT) and malignant parotid gland tumors (MPGT). This retrospective study included 93 patients who underwent MRI examinations of the head and neck region (78 patients presenting unique PGT, while 15 patients presented double PGT). A total of 108 PGT with histological confirmation were eligible for the radiomic analysis and were assigned to a training group ( = 83; 58 BPGT; 25 MPGT) and a testing group ( = 25; 16 BPGT; 9 MPGT).

Radiomic Features Associated with Lymphoma Development in the Parotid Glands of Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) represents a severe complication and the main cause of morbidity in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). This study aimed to assess the role of textural analysis (TA) in revealing lymphoma-associated imaging parameters in the parotid gland (PG) parenchyma of patients with pSS. This retrospective study included a total of 36 patients (54.

High-Frequency Ultrasound in Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in the Head and Neck Region.

Non-melanoma skin cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the human body and unfortunately the incidence continues to increase. NMSC is represented by the basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), which are the most prevalent forms, and basosquamous cell carcinomas (BSC) together with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), which are rare types but with a very aggressive pattern and poor prognosis. The pathological diagnosis is hard to assess without a biopsy, even by the dermoscopy.

Texture Analysis in Uterine Cervix Carcinoma: Primary Tumour and Lymph Node Assessment.

The conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation and staging of cervical cancer encounters several pitfalls, partially due to subjective evaluations of medical images. Fifty-six patients with histologically proven cervical malignancies (squamous cell carcinomas, = 42; adenocarcinomas, = 14) who underwent pre-treatment MRI examinations were retrospectively included. The lymph node status (non-metastatic lymph nodes, = 39; metastatic lymph nodes, = 17) was assessed using pathological and imaging findings.

Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor and the Effect on Metabolic and Endocrine Abnormalities in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Vitamin D and its receptor are thought to play an important role in PCOS susceptibility, although the impact of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms on the hormonal and metabolic profile is still controversial. A literature search in PubMed and Embase was performed up to September 2020 for case-control studies in women suffering from PCOS, with outcome related to VDR polymorphisms effect on metabolic/endocrine disturbances.

Hand-Held Ultrasound of the Lung: A Systematic Review.

Background: The ultrasound examination is a surface technique with an accurate diagnosis of pathological processes adjacent to the pleural line. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of hand-held ultrasound devices (visual stethoscopes) in the diagnosis of peripheral lung disease.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of literature comparing the diagnostic accuracy of truly hand-held ultrasound devices compared to conventional high-end ultrasound devices, chest X-rays, thoracic CT (computer tomography), or physical examinations to diagnose peripheral lung lesions.

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of intraperitoneal effusions: The role of texture analysis.

The morphological changes advocating for peritoneal carcinomatosis are inconsistent and may be visible only in later stages of the disease. However, malignant ascites represents an early sign, and this fluid exhibits specific histological characteristics. This study aimed to quantify the fluid properties on computed tomography (CT) images of intraperitoneal effusions through texture analysis and evaluate its utility in differentiating benign and malignant collections.

High-resolution ultrasound imaging compared to magnetic resonance imaging for temporomandibular joint disorders: An in vivo study.

Purpose: The study aims to determine the diagnostic value of high-resolution ultrasonography (US) compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients (42 female and 8 male) with signs and symptoms of TMD according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD were enrolled in the study. Each patient underwent US (13 and 20 MHz) and MRI examination of both TMJs, 1-7 days following clinical examination.

Differentiating High-Grade Gliomas from Brain Metastases at Magnetic Resonance: The Role of Texture Analysis of the Peritumoral Zone.

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) and solitary brain metastases (BMs) have similar imaging appearances, which often leads to misclassification. In HGGs, the surrounding tissues show malignant invasion, while BMs tend to displace the adjacent area. The surrounding edema produced by the two cannot be differentiated by conventional magnetic resonance (MRI) examinations.

Imaging modalities for temporomandibular joint disorders: an update.

The diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) require both clinical and imaging examinations of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A variety of modalities can be used to image the TMJ, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), cone beam CT, ultrasonography, conventional radiography. The present review outlines the indications of the most frequently used imaging techniques in TMD diagnosis.

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of cystic cervical lesions: a pictorial essay.

The importance of ultrasonographic (US) examination in the evaluation of the superficial structures of the head and neck region is increasing due to the widespread availability of modern equipment (such as high-frequency transducers) and modern techniques. In the case of a cervical lesion, ultrasound is usually the first imaging method used to assess the changes. First of all, US is capable of differentiating between cystic and solid structures, and based on the US appearance correlated with the age of the patient, location and growing pattern, the appropriate diagnosis is possible with a high accuracy.

Influence of Food Intake on 2-D Shear Wave Elastography Assessment of Liver Stiffness in Healthy Subjects.

Transient elastography and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse imaging are useful non-invasive methods for liver stiffness estimation, although both are influenced by food intake. The aim of the work described here was to identify liver stiffness variation after a standardized meal using 2-D shear wave elastography. Liver stiffness was estimated in 31 apparently healthy subjects, under fasting conditions and after a standardized meal (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 min after food intake).

Assessment of Cutaneous Melanoma by Use of Very- High-Frequency Ultrasound and Real-Time Elastography.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of very-high-frequency ultrasound as tool for assessment of skin melanoma by investigation of the correlation between the ultrasound measurement of the thickness of a melanoma and the histopathologically measured Breslow index. The secondary objective was to assess the potential role of real-time elastography in the preoperative evaluation of skin melanoma.

Subjects And Methods: The study included 42 cutaneous melanoma lesions in 39 adult subjects examined in the division of ultrasound of a department of radiology between September 2011 and January 2015.

Letrozole vs estradiol valerate induced PCOS in rats: glycemic, oxidative and inflammatory status assessment.

The objective of our study was to investigate glycemic, oxidative/antioxidative and inflammatory status in letrozole and estradiol valerate induced polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) models. Sixty adult female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: L (0.2 mg letrozole/0.

Ultrasonography of desmoplatic fibroma of the mandible; a case report.

Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a very rare bone tumor, classified as a benign lesion. It might be locally a very aggressive tumor with a high rate of recurrence after surgical resection. We present a case of a 3-year and 6 month-old patient, with mandibular desmoplastic fibroma.

Comparative study of three sonoelastographic scores for differentiation between benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the diagnostic value of three different sonoelastographic scoring systems (labeled S1-S3) for the differentiation between benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.

Materials And Method: The authors propose a six pattern scoring system of the elastographic images with pattern 1 - representing purely soft nodes, pattern 2 - predominantly soft nodes, pattern 3 - predominantly soft nodes with focal had area, pattern 4 - predominantly hard node, pattern 5 - entirely hard node and pattern 6 - node with necrosis. The sonoelastographic images of 50 benign and 70 malignant lymph nodes were assessed.

Ultrasonographic identification of the anatomical landmarks that define cervical lymph nodes spaces.

The localization of cervical lymph nodes is extremely important in practice for the positive and differential diagnosis as well as the staging of cervical lymphadenopathies. Ultrasonography represents the first line imaging method in the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathies due to its excellent resolution and high diagnosis accuracy. The present paper aims to illustrate the ultrasonographic identification of the anatomical landmarks used for the definition of cervical lymphatic spaces.

The value of a new score for sonoelastographic differentiation between benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the diagnostic value of sonoelastography for the differentiation between benign and malignant superficial lymph nodes of the neck. In this respect the utility of an original scoring system was explored.

Material And Method: Over a period of 30 months the patients examined routinely for the assessment of superficial lymph nodes of the neck were recorded in a data base containing grey-scale, Doppler and sonoelastographic information and images.