Canadian CT head rule adherence in a rural hospital without in-house computed tomography.

Introduction: We sought to determine the difference between Canadian CT Head Rule (CCHR) indicated imaging rates and actual imaging rates for patients with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) at a rural emergency department (ED) without in-house computed tomography (CT). In addition, we compared CCHR adherence at a hospital without CT to previous publications from centres with CT to determine if rural populations receive less CT imaging for minor head traumas when indicated by the CCHR.

Methods: This retrospective chart review explored individuals who presented to a rural ED (no in-house CT scanner) with a primary diagnosis of mild head injury or concussion between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021.

Optical orbital angular momentum analogy to the Stern-Gerlach experiment.

Symmetry breaking has been shown to reveal interesting phenomena in physical systems. A notable example is the fundamental work of Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach [Stern and Zerlach, Z. Physik9, 349 (1922)10.

Structured light enhanced machine learning for fiber bend sensing.

The intricate optical distortions that occur when light interacts with complex media, such as few- or multi-mode optical fiber, often appear random in origin and are a fundamental source of error for communication and sensing systems. We propose the use of orbital angular momentum (OAM) feature extraction to mitigate phase-noise and allow for the use of intermodal-coupling as an effective tool for fiber sensing. OAM feature extraction is achieved by passive all-optical OAM demultiplexing, and we demonstrate fiber bend tracking with 94.

Ambulatory Robotic Colectomy: Factors Affecting and Affected by Postoperative Opioid Use.

Background: The ongoing opioid crisis demands an investigation into the factors driving postoperative opioid use. Ambulatory robotic colectomies are an emerging concept in colorectal surgery, but concerns persist surrounding adequate pain control for these patients who are discharged very early. We sought to identify key factors affecting recovery room opioid use (ROU) and additional outpatient opioid prescriptions (AOP) after ambulatory robotic colectomies.

Incarcerated Prolapsed Sigmoid Intussusception Presenting as Rectal Prolapse Without a Lead Point.

This case series presents two patients with symptoms consistent with acute rectal prolapse. The prolapses were subsequently found to be sigmoid intussusception that had prolapsed through the anus without rectal prolapse and without any intraluminal pathology or lead point. Both were recognised on examination and underwent colonic resection rather than proctectomy.

Prolonged Antipruritic Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Cowhage-induced Itch: A Randomized, Single-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) is thought to have antipruritic effects through inhibition of pruritic factors, including acetylcholine, substance P, and glutamate. The aim of this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to test the effect of botulinum toxin type A on cowhage, a non-histaminergic model for chronic itch. Botulinum toxin type A was injected into the arm of 35 healthy subjects, with a saline control injected into the contralateral arm.

Single-wavelength polarization- and mode-division multiplexing free-space optical communication at 689 Gbit/s in strong turbulent channels.

We experimentally demonstrated, for, it is believed, the first time, high-capacity polarization- and mode-division multiplexing free-space optical transmission with adequate strong turbulence resiliency. A compact spatial light modulator-based polarization multiplexing multi-plane light conversion module was employed to emulate strong turbulent links. By employing advanced successive interference cancellation multiple-input multiple-output decoder and redundant receive channels, the strong turbulence resiliency was significantly improved in a mode-division multiplexing system.

Associations of phosphorylated tau pathology with whole-hemisphere ex vivo morphometry in 7 tesla MRI.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with different pathologies that often co-occur but cannot be measured specifically with in vivo methods.

Methods: Thirty-three brain hemispheres from donors with an Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum diagnosis underwent T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gray matter thickness was paired with histopathology from the closest anatomic region in the contralateral hemisphere.

An Updated Review of Night Eating Syndrome: An Under-Represented Eating Disorder.

Purpose Of Review: Night eating syndrome (NES) is an eating disorder that has historically been under-studied. The current review aims to summarize the most up-to-date research on NES to support better awareness.

Recent Findings: Since NES was recently included as a formal diagnosis, research on the prevalence of NES is ever evolving.

Space-time wave packets localized in all dimensions.

Optical wave packets that are localized in space and time, but nevertheless overcome diffraction and travel rigidly in free space, are a long sought-after field structure with applications ranging from microscopy and remote sensing, to nonlinear and quantum optics. However, synthesizing such wave packets requires introducing non-differentiable angular dispersion with high spectral precision in two transverse dimensions, a capability that has eluded optics to date. Here, we describe an experimental strategy capable of sculpting the spatio-temporal spectrum of a generic pulsed beam by introducing arbitrary radial chirp via two-dimensional conformal coordinate transformations of the spectrally resolved field.

Scattering of partially coherent vortex beam by rough surface in atmospheric turbulence.

A double-passage propagation model of partially coherent Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in turbulent atmosphere after scattering from Gaussian rough surfaces was formulated. Rough surface scattering had a weak effect on the spreading of a vortex beam in turbulent atmosphere. However, it severely influenced the phase on this beam, rapidly reducing the original OAM mode's relative intensity.

The history of annular lesions of skin diseases.

Annular skin eruptions encompass a wide array of different cutaneous afflictions that are a common occurrence in the practice of dermatology. Annular lesions present as oval or circular shaped patches and plaques with central clearing. The term annular has been employed in the vernacular since the 16th century; yet, it does not seem to have appearedin the dermatologic literature until the early 20th century.

Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 in children (and adults): A virus that does not discriminate.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a beta coronavirus with a characteristic S-glycoprotein spike on the cell surface. Initial reports did not include cutaneous manifestations as a feature of COVID-19; however, there is a growing repertoire of reports demonstrating an array of dermatologic manifestations on the skin in children and adults. Dermatologic afflictions have been summarized into different categories several times, with the most recent analysis identifying six clinical patterns: urticaria, maculopapular-morbilliform eruption, papulovesicular exanthem, chilblain-like acral pattern, livedo reticularis-livedo racemosa pattern, and purpuric vasculitic pattern.

Favorable Reoperation Rate at 2 Years Following Repair of Horizontal Cleavage Tears Using an All Suture-Based Technique: A Prospective, Multicenter Trial.

Purpose: This prospective, multicenter trial evaluates the clinical success (as measured by reoperation rates and improvements in patient-reported outcome measures) of using circumferential compression stitches with all-suture techniques for horizontal cleavage tears (HCTs) of the meniscus.

Methods: Investigators enrolled 30 patients (mean age, 38.2 years; standard deviation, 11.