Publications by authors named "Laven Mavarani"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated whether polygenic scores (PGS) related to Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and antidepressant treatment response (ADR) can predict how patients respond to antidepressants in a specific trial cohort.
- It included 481 MDD patients undergoing treatment over eight weeks, but while PGS for MDD was linked to higher genetic risk in patients compared to controls, it did not predict treatment outcomes like remission or response.
- The findings suggest a genetic component to MDD, but limitations like treatment variability and sample size indicate that more focused research is necessary to understand the genetic factors influencing antidepressant response.
The risk of preterm birth (PTB) and stillbirth increases after a SARS-CoV-2 infection during gestation. We aimed to estimate the risk depending on gestational age at infection (early <28 + 0 and late ≥28 weeks of gestation, WoG), virus variants, severity of infection, and vaccination. PTB was divided into early PTB (<32 + 0) and late PTB (32 + 0-36 + 6 WoG).
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- Angioedema is a serious reaction linked to ACE inhibitors, and its causes include genetic and non-genetic factors; recent studies have begun to uncover genetic risk factors but not the full underlying mechanisms.!* -
- Researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 European patients, discovering three significant genetic risk loci associated with ACEi-induced angioedema, one of which has not been previously noted.!* -
- The findings underscored the role of bradykinin signaling and coagulation pathways while suggesting new genetic candidates involved in angioedema, highlighting similar genetic effects in both European and African-American patients.!*
Article Synopsis
- Traditional cardiovascular risk scores don't accurately reflect the risk of cardiovascular diseases in people living with HIV (PLH).
- The study analyzed data from the HIV HEART Aging study involving 1,243 PLH over 5 years, using Cox proportional hazards models to identify associations between HIV-specific and traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) and incident CVD.
- Key findings include that a history of AIDS and older age at HIV diagnosis increased CVD risk, while a higher CD4/CD8 ratio and longer antiretroviral therapy duration correlated with decreased risk; traditional CRF, particularly smoking, still significantly affected CVD outcomes.
Different therapeutic apheresis techniques have been clinically tested to delay preterm delivery in the case of eoPE (early-onset preeclampsia). Our study evaluated the feasibility of TPE (therapeutic plasma exchange) compared to standard-of-care treatment. Twenty patients treated with 95 TPE sessions were included in the final analysis and retrospectively matched with 21 patients with comparable placental dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Overweight and obesity have increased in people living with HIV (PLH). Our study evaluated weight, body-mass-index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) change over 5 years of follow-up in PLH compared to the general population.
Methods: HIV-positive participants in the HIV Heart Aging (HIVH) study were matched 1:2 by age and sex with HIV-negative controls of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall (HNR) study.
Article Synopsis
- Common SNPs may account for 40-50% of human height variation, and this study identifies 12,111 SNPs linked to height from a large sample of 5.4 million individuals.
- These SNPs cluster in 7,209 genomic segments, encompassing about 21% of the genome and showing varying densities enriched in relevant genes.
- While these SNPs explain a substantial portion of height variance in European populations (40-45%), their predictive power is lower (10-24%) in other ancestries, suggesting a need for more research to enhance understanding in diverse populations.
The failure to accurately define tumor margins during breast conserving surgery (BCS) results in a 20% re-excision rate. The present paper reports the investigation to evaluate the potential of terahertz imaging for breast tissue recognition within the under-explored 300 - 600 GHz range. Such a frequency window matches new BiCMOS technology capabilities and thus opens up the opportunity for near-field terahertz imaging using these devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutational acquired resistance is a major challenge in cancer therapy. Somatic tumours harbouring some oncogenic mutations are characterised by a high mortality rate. Surprisingly, preclinical evaluation methods do not show clearly resistance of mutated cancers to some drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtein immobilization studied by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) difference spectroscopy is an emerging field enabling the study of proteins at atomic detail. Gold or glass surfaces are frequently used for protein immobilization. Here, we present an alternative method for protein immobilization on germanium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredictions about the cellular efficacy of drugs tested in vitro are usually based on the measured responses of a few proteins or signal transduction pathways. However, cellular proteins are highly coupled in networks, and observations of single proteins may not adequately reflect the in vivo cellular response to drugs. This might explain some large discrepancies between in vitro drug studies and drug responses observed in patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectral histopathology (SHP) is an emerging tool for label free annotation of tissue. While FTIR based SHP provides fast annotation of larger tissue sections, Raman based SHP is slower but achieves a 10 times higher spatial resolution as compared to FTIR. Usually NIR excitation is used for Raman measurements on biological samples.
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