Turbulence model study for aerodynamic analysis of the leading edge tubercle wing for low Reynolds number flows.

A turbulence model study was performed to analyze the flow around the Tubercle Leading Edge (TLE) wing. Five turbulence models were selected to evaluate aerodynamic force coefficients and flow mechanism by comparing with existing literature results. The selected models are realizable , Shear Stress Transport (SST), ( ) SST model, Transition model and Stress- ω Reynolds Stress Model (RSM).

Prospects of natural gas consumption in Pakistan: based on the LMDI-STIRPAT PLSR framework.

The natural gas (NG) forms the sizeable portion of the primary energy consumption in Pakistan. However, its depleting domestic reserves and increasing demand is challenging to balance the supply-demand in the country. This paper investigates the relationship between NG consumption and driving factors using LMDI-STIRPAT PLSR framework.

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol and Activated Carbon Macroparticles on Thermal Conductivity of Paraffin Wax for Thermal Storage Applications.

Low thermal conductivity is the major obstacle for the wide range utilization of phase change materials (PCMs), especially organic PCMs, for most practical applications in thermal engineering. This study investigates the potential of enhancing the charging and discharging rates of organic PCM (RT44HC) by introducing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and activated carbon macroparticles (ACMPs). Different concentrations of PEG and ACMPs ranging from 0.

The impacts of conventional energies on environmental degradation: does Pakistan's economic and environmental model follow the Kuznets curve?

This paper investigates the long-run dynamic association of carbon dioxide emissions and economic progress using the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Pakistan from 1972 to 2019. The other variables used along with the above indicators are urbanization, financial development, manufacturing, oil and gas energy consumption, and trade openness. The ARDL bounds testing methodology has been used and the results of the bound testing showed that a 1% increase in economic growth and financial development would increase CO emissions in the country by 4.