Screening of Spirulina Components for Anti-Parkinson's and Anti-Alzheimer's Activity by in Silico Methods and Docking Studies.

Spirulina platensis was first isolated from Lake Texcoco by Aztecs in the sixteenth century. In 2012, spirulina was considered to be safe dietary supplement by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Spirulina is a cyanophytic microalgae that is often considered as single cell protein.

Design, Characterization, and Docking Studies of Some Novel Isatin Derivatives for Anticonvulsant and Antidepressant Activity.

Isatin (indoline-2,3-dione) derivatives are derived from plant origin indole derivatives by the Sandmeyer method and characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectrometric method. Molinspiration is used to calculate the molecular properties of all the synthesized compounds and to generate bioactivity scores (GPCR ligand, ion channel inhibitor, kinase inhibitor, nuclear receptor ligand, protease inhibitor, enzyme inhibitor) of the series of compounds. ADME predicted parameters are lipophilicity, P-gp substrate, GI absorption, bioavailability, lead-likeness, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability by boiled egg model.

Impurity Profiling and Identification of 2,6-Diisopropylphenol by HPLC Method and Raman Spectroscopy Method.

Identification of 2,6-diisopropylphenol by Raman spectroscopy using the TruScan Raman spectrum is validated by specificity test and robustness. HPLC assay method is developed to detect the 2,6-diisopropylphenol and its impurities A = determination of 2,6-diisopropylphenol; its main impurities related compound A = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl isopropyl ether, related compound B = 2,6-diisopropylquinone, and related compound C = 3,3'-5,5'-tetraisopropyl diphenol; and unknown impurities done by HPLC method. Related compound A and C determination has been developed by normal phase HPLC; good resolution peak shapes have resulted from the peak results.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Substituted Thiophene Derivatives.

A novel series of pyrazolines were synthesized by cycloaddition of various chalcones (prepared by a Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 3-acetyl-2,5-dimethyl thiophene and various aromatic aldehydes) with the phenyl hydrazines in the presence of pyridine and subjected to molecular property prediction by Molinspiration, MolSoft, and Osiris software. The structures of new compounds were established by HNMR, IR, and mass spectral data. Most of the synthesized compounds (1A-E) were found to be in conformity with Lipinski's "rule of five" and other parameters, for their screening for antimicrobial and antifungal activity as oral active leads/drugs.

Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profile of Spirulina platensis.

Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis is used to measure the microbial biomass and the phospholipids present in the environmental samples. Microalgae spirulina is found to be a rich source of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs) and has been used as a neutraceutical and regenerative medicine in the biotechnological industries as PUFAs are not synthesized in the human body due to the lack of enzymes for their bioconversion and must be supplied through the diet. Eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) are the two most important long-chain omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids involved in the human physiology, and their precursors stearic acid (ω-9), linoleic acid (ω-6), and gamma linolenic acid (ω-6) were found to be in higher concentrations in Spirulina platensis.