Property Tuning in N-Methylpyrrole Azo-Photoswitches via Modification of the Peripheral Substituents.

Differently substituted pyrrole-azo‑benzene molecular photoswitches were prepared in a straightforward synthetic way. Their fundamental properties were investigated by XRD analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, cyclic voltammetry, UV‑Vis absorption spectroscopy, Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering, and NMR spectroscopy; the experimental results were further corroborated by DFT calculations. Thermal robustness, the HOMO/LUMO levels, and the absorption properties were altered mostly by substituting the N‑methylpyrrole moiety and further fine-tuned by modifying the benzene substituents.

S. mansoni -derived omega-1 prevents OVA-specific allergic airway inflammation via hampering of cDC2 migration.

Chronic infection with Schistosoma mansoni parasites is associated with reduced allergic sensitization in humans, while schistosome eggs protects against allergic airway inflammation (AAI) in mice. One of the main secretory/excretory molecules from schistosome eggs is the glycosylated T2-RNAse Omega-1 (ω1). We hypothesized that ω1 induces protection against AAI during infection.

High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in seven cats with respiratory failure.

Case Series Summary: This case series describes seven cats that were treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNOT). Seven cats were prospectively (n = 5) or retrospectively (n = 2) included from three veterinary university referral centers between March 2020 and September 2023. Data on signalment, medical history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment administered, response to HFNOT and outcomes were recorded.

Morphological comparative study of canine and feline diaphragms: Effect of bodyweight, body condition score, gender, age and breed.

The canine diaphragm is a muscular and tendinous dome-like plate and is largely involved in digestive and respiratory functions. Very few studies compared morphology of the diaphragm between dogs and cats and no studies have investigated the effects of individual factors on this morphology. So the aim of this study was to (1) study the effects of individual factors on the morphology of the diaphragm and (2) to compare its morphology between cats and dogs.

Effects of analysis window on 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses in cochlear implant users.

Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are phase-locked responses of the auditory system to the envelope of a stimulus. These responses can be used as an objective proxy to assess temporal envelope processing and its related functional outcomes such as hearing thresholds and speech perception, in normal-hearing listeners, in persons with hearing impairment, as well as in cochlear-implant (CI) users. While ASSRs are traditionally measured using a continuous stimulation paradigm, an alternative is the intermittent stimulation paradigm, whereby stimuli are presented with silence intervals in between.

Targeting gliovascular connexins prevents inflammatory blood-brain barrier leakage and astrogliosis.

The blood-brain barrier is formed by capillary endothelial cells expressing connexin 37 (Cx37), Cx40, and Cx43 and is joined by closely apposed astrocytes expressing Cx43 and Cx30. We investigated whether connexin-targeting peptides could limit barrier leakage triggered by LPS-induced systemic inflammation in mice. Intraperitoneal LPS administration increased endothelial and astrocytic Cx43 expression; elevated TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-6 in plasma and IL-6 in the brain; and induced barrier leakage recorded over 24 hours.

Effectiveness and Safety of a Prolonged Hemodynamic Support by the IVAC2L System in Healthy and Cardiogenic Shock Pigs.

Background: Mechanical circulatory supports are used in case of cardiogenic shock (CS) refractory to conventional therapy. Several devices can be employed, but are limited by their availability, benefit risk-ratio, and/or cost.

Aims: To investigate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a long-term support by a new available device (IVAC2L) in pigs.

Conventional and advanced echocardiographic assessment of systolic function in dogs sedated with dexmedetomidine or acepromazine.

Dexmedetomidine and acepromazine, sedatives commonly used in dogs have opposite vascular effects, resulting in afterload increase and decrease, respectively. This could variably affect systolic myocardial function. Previous echocardiographic studies assessing the cardiovascular effects of these drugs used conventional echocardiography, while advanced techniques such as speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), which are known to provide a more accurate assessment of systolic function, have been rarely used for this aim.

Statistical shape analysis of gravid uteri throughout pregnancy by a ray description technique.

In order to study the anatomical variability of the uterus induced by pregnancy, a parametrization of gravid uterine geometry based on principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed. Corresponding meshes used for PCA are created by a ray description technique applied to a reference mesh. A smoothed voxel-based methodology is applied to determine the reference mesh from a database of 11 real shapes produced by the FEMONUM project.

AZP2006, a new promising treatment for Alzheimer's and related diseases.

Progranulin (PGRN) is a protein with multiple functions including the regulation of neuroinflammation, neuronal survival, neurite and synapsis growth. Although the mechanisms of action of PGRN are currently unknown, its potential therapeutic application in treating neurodegenerative diseases is huge. Thus, strategies to increase PGRN levels in patients could provide an effective treatment.

Tolerance of torasemide in cats with congestive heart failure: a retrospective study on 21 cases (2016-2019).

Background: In dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF), the efficacy of torasemide, a loop diuretic, has been demonstrated. However, unlike in dogs and humans little has been described about the use of torasemide in the cat with spontaneous CHF. The objectives of this retrospective study were therefore to describe the therapeutic use of oral torasemide in cats with spontaneous CHF, document its potential adverse effects while reporting the clinical course of this feline population following torasemide administration in addition to standard medical therapy.

Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which originated in Wuhan, China, in 2019, is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. It is now accepted that the wild fauna, probably bats, constitute the initial reservoir of the virus, but little is known about the role pets can play in the spread of the disease in human communities, knowing the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect some domestic animals. In this cross-sectional study, we tested the antibody response in a cluster of 21 domestic pets (9 cats and 12 dogs) living in close contact with their owners (belonging to a veterinary community of 20 students) in which two students tested positive for COVID-19 and several others ( = 11/18) consecutively showed clinical signs (fever, cough, anosmia, ) compatible with COVID-19 infection.

Appetite-stimulating effect of gabapentin vs mirtazapine in healthy cats post-ovariectomy.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the appetite-stimulating effect of gabapentin by comparing it with mirtazapine in healthy cats in the first 8 h after ovariectomy surgery.

Methods: This double-masked, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical trial included 60 healthy cats presented to the hospital for ovariectomy: 20 received gabapentin, 21 received mirtazapine and 19 received a placebo immediately before and 6 h after surgery. Food was offered at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h post-ovariectomy.

Influence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on the pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam: an ex vivo and in vivo study.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used in intensive care units and can modify drug pharmacokinetics and lead to under-exposure associated with treatment failure. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is an antibiotic combination used for complicated infections in critically ill patients. Launched in 2015, sparse data are available on the influence of ECMO on the pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam.

Successful transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation in a dog: first clinical report.

Transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) implantation is a therapeutic approach approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for human patients with failing pulmonary conduits in 2010 and for failing bioprosthetic surgical pulmonary valves in 2017. We report here the first successful transcatheter implantation of a stented valve in a pulmonary position in a dog with congenital pulmonary valve disease. A 3-year-old, 10.

Blocking connexin43 hemichannels protects mice against tumour necrosis factor-induced inflammatory shock.

Upon intravenous injection of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in mice, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is initiated, characterized by an acute cytokine storm and induction of vascular hyperpermeability. Connexin43 hemichannels have been implicated in various pathological conditions, e.g.

Effect of orthopedic implants on canine long bone compression stiffness: a combined experimental and computational approach.

Osteosynthesis for canine long bones is a complex process requiring knowledge of biology, surgical techniques and (bio)mechanical principles. Subject-specific finite element analysis constitutes a promising tool to evaluate the effect of surgical intervention on the global properties of a bone-implant construct, but suffers from a lack of validation. In this study, the biomechanical behavior of 10 canine humeri was compared before and after creation of a 10 mm bone defect stabilized with an eight-hole locking compression plate (Synthes) and two locking screws on each fragment.

Enhancing Double-Beam Laser Tweezers Raman Spectroscopy (LTRS) for the Photochemical Study of Individual Airborne Microdroplets.

A new device and methodology for vertically coupling confocal Raman microscopy with optical tweezers for the in situ physico- and photochemical studies of individual microdroplets (Ø ≤ 10 µm) levitated in air is presented. The coupling expands the spectrum of studies performed with individual particles using laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) to photochemical processes and spatially resolved Raman microspectroscopy on airborne aerosols. This is the first study to demonstrate photochemical studies and Raman mapping on optically levitated droplets.

Heparin-Binding Hemagglutinin Adhesin (HBHA) Is Involved in Intracytosolic Lipid Inclusions Formation in Mycobacteria.

The heparin-binding hemagglutinin adhesin (HBHA) is an important virulence factor of . It is a surface-displayed protein that serves as an adhesin for non-phagocytic cells and is involved in extra-pulmonary dissemination of the tubercle bacillus. It is also an important latency antigen useful for the diagnosis of latently -infected individuals.

Comparison of tibial anatomical-mechanical axis angle between predisposed dogs and dogs at low risk for cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

The purpose of this prospective, radiographic, descriptive study was to compare measurements of tibial anatomical-mechanical axis angle (AMA-angle), tibial plateau angle (TPA), relative tibial tuberosity width (rTTW) and Z-angle from mediolateral radiographs of the tibia between two canine breeds (72 dogs) not predisposed to cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) and those from a consecutive series of 185 large dogs and 17 West Highland white terriers (WHWT) diagnosed with unilateral, surgically confirmed CCLR. Correlations among these measurements were determined, and levels of inter- and intra-observer variability among and within three observers for each measurement were established using Kendall's coefficient of concordance. Breed had a significant effect on AMA-angle.

Heated intravenous fluids alone fail to prevent hypothermia in cats under general anaesthesia.

Objectives The objective was to evaluate the clinical efficiacy of a constant rate infusion of heated fluid as the sole means of preventing intraoperative hypothermia in cats. Methods This randomised, prospective, clinical study was conducted at a university teaching veterinary hospital. Female cats (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] grade I) undergoing elective surgery by laparotomy under general anaesthesia (acepromazine 0.

Enoxaparin has no significant anticoagulation activity in healthy Beagles at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg four times daily.

Enoxaparin at 0.8 mg/kg every 6 h is used in dogs to prevent prothrombotic events, but has only been validated in healthy Greyhounds, a breed with documented hypocoagulable haemostatic profiles in vitro and bleeding tendencies in vivo. This study investigated the effects of enoxaparin at this dose rate on the coagulation parameters of eight healthy adult Beagles over a 48 h period.