The effect of influenza vaccination on the rate of dementia amongst older adults.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have reported conflicting results regarding the association between influenza vaccination and dementia. This association was investigated in a nationwide register-based cohort study.

Methods: Using nationwide registries, dementia-free adults aged ≥65 years in Denmark from 2002 to 2018 without previous influenza vaccinations were included.

Global organization of phenylpropanoid and anthocyanin pathways revealed by proximity labeling of trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase in petal protoplasts.

The phenylpropanoid pathway is one of the main carbon sinks in plants, channeling phenylalanine towards thousands of products including monolignols, stilbenes, flavonoids and volatile compounds. The enzymatic steps involved in many of these pathways are well characterized, however the physical organization of these enzymes within the plant cell remains poorly understood. Proximity-dependent labeling allows untargeted determination of both direct and indirect protein interactions , and therefore stands as an attractive alternative to targeted binary assays for determining global protein-protein interaction networks.

Traumatic spinal cord injury and its correlation to risk of autoimmune/-inflammatory disease.

Study Design: Nationwide epidemiological open cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate whether individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) are more prone to develop autoimmune diseases compared to a general non-TSCI population.

Setting: Danish public national registries.

Prescription medication use in the 10 years prior to diagnosis of young onset Alzheimer's disease: a nationwide nested case-control study.

Background: Patients with young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD) face long diagnostic delays. Prescription medication use may provide insights into early signs and symptoms, which may help facilitate timely diagnosis.

Methods: In a register-based nested case-control study, we examined medication use for everyone diagnosed with YOAD in a Danish memory clinic during 2016-2020 compared to cognitively healthy controls.

Homelessness, psychiatric disorders, and violence in Denmark: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Homelessness is associated with adverse health and social outcomes. People experiencing homelessness have been found to have a high risk of violent crime victimisation as well as high prevalence of psychiatric disorders. It is poorly understood whether experiencing homelessness is associated with additional risks of violent offending and whether psychiatric disorders contribute to these risks.

Maternal intake of paracetamol during pregnancy and biomarkers of male fecundity in young adult sons.

Paracetamol is suggested to have endocrine disrupting properties possibly affecting fetal programming of reproductive health that might lead to impaired semen quality and changes in reproductive hormones. In this longitudinal study, we included 1058 young adult men born 1998-2000 into the Danish National Birth Cohort with follow-up at 18-21 years of age. The exposure, maternal intake of paracetamol, was modelled in three ways: dichotomized, trimester-specific, and as duration of exposure categorized into: short (1-2 weeks), medium (3-9 weeks) or long duration (>9 weeks) vs.

Medication and procedural abortions before 13 weeks gestation and risk of psychiatric disorders.

Background: The proportion of abortions provided by medication in the United States and worldwide has increased greatly since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved mifepristone in 2000.

Risk of Major Types of Dementias Following Hospital-Diagnosed Infections and Autoimmune Diseases.

Background: Population-based studies have shown an increased risk of dementia after infections, but weaker links were reported for autoimmune diseases. Evidence is scarce for whether the links may be modified by the dementia or exposure subtype.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between infections and/or autoimmune diseases and rates of major types of dementias in the short- and long terms.

A comprehensive analysis of age of onset and cumulative incidence of mental disorders: A Danish register study.

Background: The age of onset (AOO), incidence and cumulative incidence of mental disorders are critical epidemiological measures, providing essential insights into the development and course of these disorders across the lifespan. This study aims to provide up-to-date estimates of the AOO, age-specific incidence, and cumulative incidence for a comprehensive range of mental disorders using data from Danish registers.

Methods: We conducted a follow-up study encompassing all Danish residents from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2021, totaling 91,613,465 person-years.

Mapping morbidity 10 years prior to a diagnosis of young onset Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Early symptoms in young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD) may be misinterpreted, causing delayed diagnosis. This population-based study aimed to map morbidity prior to YOAD diagnosis.

Methods: In a register-based incidence density matched nested case-control study, we examined hospital-diagnosed morbidity for people diagnosed with YOAD in Danish memory clinics during 2016-2020 compared to controls in a 10-year period.

Absolute and relative risk of violent victimisation and perpetration following onset of mental illness: a Danish register-based study.

Background: Previous research has suggested that people with severe mental illness are at elevated risk of both violence perpetration and violent victimisation, with risk of the latter being perhaps greater than the former. However, few studies have examined risk across both outcomes.

Methods: Using a total population approach, the absolute and relative risks of victimisation and perpetration were estimated for young men and women across the full psychiatric diagnostic spectrum.

Association of maternal and paternal personality disorders with risk of mental disorders in children: A nationwide, register-based cohort study of 1,406,965 children.

Background: Knowledge of the association between parental personality disorders and mental disorders in children is limited. To examine the association between parental personality disorders and the risk of mental disorders in offspring.

Methods: We linked Danish health registers to create a cohort of children born from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2016.

Identification of women at high risk of postpartum psychiatric episodes: A population-based study quantifying relative and absolute risks following exposure to selected risk factors and genetic liability.

Background: We quantified relative and absolute risks of postpartum psychiatric episodes (PPE) following risk factors: Young age, past personal or family history of psychiatric disorders, and genetic liability.

Methods: We conducted a register-based study using the iPSYCH2012 case-cohort sample. Exposures were personal history of psychiatric episodes prior to childbirth, being a young mother (giving birth before the age of 21.

Proton pump inhibitors and dementia: A nationwide population-based study.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase dementia risk. However, it is currently unknown whether timing of exposure or age at dementia diagnosis influence the risk.

Methods: We assessed associations between cumulative PPI use and dementia at different ages in a nationwide Danish cohort of 1,983,785 individuals aged 60 to 75 years between 2000 and 2018.

The bidirectional association between psychiatric disorders and sheltered homelessness.

Background: Psychiatric disorders and homelessness are related, but temporal associations are unclear. We aimed to explore the overlap between hospital-based psychiatric disorders and sheltered homelessness.

Methods: This population-based cohort study was conducted using the Danish registers e.

Hospital-Diagnosed Infections, Autoimmune Diseases, and Subsequent Dementia Incidence.

Importance: Systemic inflammation has been suggested to explain reported associations between infections and dementia. Associations between autoimmune diseases and dementia also suggest a role for peripheral systemic inflammation.

Objective: To investigate the associations of infections and autoimmune diseases with subsequent dementia incidence and to explore potential shared signals presented by the immune system in the 2 conditions.

Healthcare utilization prior to a diagnosis of young-onset Alzheimer's disease: a nationwide nested case-control study.

Objective: Our aim was to identify changes in healthcare utilization prior to a young-onset Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.

Methods: In a retrospective incidence density matched nested case-control study using national health registers, we examined healthcare utilization for those diagnosed with young-onset Alzheimer's disease in Danish memory clinics during 2016-2018 compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Negative binomial regression analysis produced contact rate ratios.

Risk of homelessness after prison release and recidivism in Denmark: a nationwide, register-based cohort study.

Background: Transitional periods between and across services have been linked to homelessness. We aimed to investigate the association of previous history of homelessness and psychiatric disorders with risk of homelessness after release from prison. Additionally, we examined the association between homelessness after release and risk of recidivism.

Are migrants diagnosed with a trauma-related disorder at risk of premature mortality? A register-based cohort study in Denmark.

Background: Mental illness is common among refugees displaced by conflict and war. While evidence points to the relatively good health in terms of longevity of migrants resettled in the destination country, less is known about the mortality of the most vulnerable migrants with a trauma-related diagnosis alone and those with an additional comorbid psychotic disorder. This study aimed to provide an overview of the number and mortality of foreign-born individuals diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or Enduring Personality Change after a Catastrophic Event (PTSD/EPCACE), a psychotic disorder or both.

The short-term and long-term adverse effects of melatonin treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review and GRADE assessment.

Background: Currently, melatonin is used to treat children and adolescents with insomnia without knowing the full extent of the short-term and long-term consequences. Our aim was to provide clinicians and guideline panels with a systematic assessment of serious-and non-serious adverse events seen in continuation of melatonin treatment and the impact on pubertal development and bone health following long-term administration in children and adolescents with chronic insomnia.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cinahl and PsycINFO via Ovid, up to March 17, 2023, for studies on melatonin treatment among children and adolescents (aged 5-20 years) with chronic insomnia.