Chemical Evaluation of L. Fruits Extracts and Their Potential as Anticancer Drugs.

Liquidambar styraciflua L. is an aromatic species, popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diarrhea, dysentery, coughs, and skin sores. The present study was designed to investigate the chemical composition and biological potential of extracts obtained from the fruits of this plant.

Effects of o,p'-DDE, a Mitotane Metabolite, in an Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cell Line.

In South Brazil, the incidence of pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is higher than in other regions and countries worldwide. The ACC treatment includes therapy with mitotane, the only adrenolytic drug approved by the FDA. The mitotane metabolism occurs via two main reactions: the β-hydroxylation, which yields the final product o,p'-DDA, and the α-hydroxylation, which will give the final product o,p'-DDE.

Phytochemical Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of (Sw.) Triana Extracts.

The plant (Sw.) Triana has been popularly used in Brazil to treat chronic inflammatory disturbances, such as osteoarthritis. This disease affects 250 million people worldwide, and is associated with intense pain and loss of articular function.

Baill. Ameliorates Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Rats.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affects a quarter of the worldwide population, but no drug therapies have yet been developed. Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal species, that is, widely distributed in Brazil.

Local effects of natural alkylamides from Acmella oleracea and synthetic isobutylalkyl amide on neuropathic and postoperative pain models in mice.

Neuropathic and postoperative pain are clinical conditions that impair the patient's quality of life. The current pharmacotherapy of both painful states is ineffective and accompanied by several side effects. In order to develop new therapeutics targets, the secondary metabolites of plants have been extensively studied.

Pharmacological profile and effects of mitotane in adrenocortical carcinoma.

Mitotane is the only adrenolytic drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). This drug has cytotoxic effects on tumour tissues; it induces cell death and antisecretory effects on adrenal cells by inhibiting the synthesis of adrenocortical steroids, which are involved in the pathogenesis of ACC. However, high doses of mitotane are usually necessary to reach the therapeutic plasma concentration, which may result in several adverse effects.

extract as an alternative to pain medications.

Pain is a common and distressing symptom of many diseases and its clinical treatment generally involves analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. This study evaluated the toxicity of A. St.

Polysaccharide fractions from Handroanthus heptaphyllus and Handroanthus albus barks: Structural characterization and cytotoxic activity.

Barks of trees of the genus Handroanthus are known for their antitumor activity, which is attributed to naphthoquinones. Another class of molecules that has shown antitumor activity are the polysaccharides, however those from Handroanthus barks have never been studied. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to extract polysaccharides from H.

A polysaccharide fraction from Handroanthus albus (yellow ipê) leaves with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.

Handroanthus albus, commonly known as yellow ipê, is a native and widely distributed tree in Brazil. An aqueous soluble polysaccharide fraction (HASP) was obtained from its leaves, and monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage analysis by methylation and NMR spectroscopy indicated that HASP is mainly composed of a type II arabinogalactan, and suggested that other polysaccharides could also be present in a smaller proportion. HASP was able to promote antinociception in formalin-induced (second phase) and on glutamate-induced nociception tests, besides reducing the number of abdominal contortions induced by acetic acid in mice.

Consumption of latex from Euphorbia tirucalli L. promotes a reduction of tumor growth and cachexia, and immunomodulation in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Euphorbia tirucalli L. is an African plant that grows well in Brazil. Individuals diagnosed with cancer frequently consume latex from E.

A polysaccharide fraction from "ipê-roxo" (Handroanthus heptaphyllus) leaves with gastroprotective activity.

A polysaccharide fraction from Handroanthus heptaphyllus leaves was obtained with a simple and quick purification method. Methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy indicated the presence of a complex polysaccharide fraction mainly constituted by a type II arabinogalactan. This is the first report in literature on structural elucidation of polysaccharides of species from genus Handroanthus.

Antiatherosclerotic Properties of (Cham. & Schltdl.) Micheli: From Antioxidant and Lipid-Lowering Effects to an Anti-Inflammatory Role.

is an important medicinal plant species that is native to South America. Despite extensive popular usage as a hypolipidemic drug, its effects as an atheroprotective agent remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an ethanol-soluble fraction that was obtained from (ESEG) leaves against the development of atherosclerosis in rabbits.

Liquidambar styraciflua L.: A new potential source for therapeutic uses.

Liquidambar styraciflua L., ALTINGIACEAE, popularly known as sweet gum or alligator tree, is an aromatic tree with a natural distribution in North America and acclimated in Brazil. In traditional medicine, L.

Pharmacological potential of alkylamides from Acmella oleracea flowers and synthetic isobutylalkyl amide to treat inflammatory pain.

Acmella oleracea ("jambu") is an Amazonian plant rich in alkylamides. Its flowers are widely used in folk medicine to treat toothache due to tingling, numbness, and local anaesthesia caused in the mouth. Our group previously demonstrated that the intraplantar (i.

Redox regulation and NO/cGMP plus K channel activation contributes to cardiorenal protection induced by Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. in ovariectomized hypertensive rats.

Background: One of the medicinal plants widely used by the population in the treatment of hypertension, atherosclerosis and circulatory disorders is Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.

Chemical composition, antioxidant and gastrointestinal properties of Sedum dendroideum Moc & Sessé ex DC leaves tea infusion.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sedum dendroideum Moc & Sessé ex DC (Crassulaceae) is a medicinal plant employed in Mexican and Brasilian folk medicine as juice or infusion, as remedy for the treatment of different diseases, including gastric disorders.

Aim Of The Study: Although some studies carried out with Sedum dendroideum have demonstrated its gastroprotective effect, the purpose of this study was to elucidate the chemical constituents, antioxidant, cytotoxic and mechanisms underlying the gastrointestinal properties of Sedum dendroideum accordingly its traditional use, as fresh leaves tea infusion (SDI).

Materials And Methods: Chemical constituents were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).

Distinct mechanisms underlying local antinociceptive and pronociceptive effects of natural alkylamides from Acmella oleracea compared to synthetic isobutylalkyl amide.

Acmella oleracea (jambu), is used as ingredient for food and in folk medicine to relief toothache. Jambu edible flowers are rich in alkylamides, mainly spilanthol, which are responsible to evoke chemesthetic sensations. This study aimed to investigate the local effects promoted by the intraplantar injection of the hexanic fraction (HF) rich in alkylamides from jambu flowers and compare to synthetic isobutylalkyl amide (IBA).

Biological Characterization of an Edible Species from Brazilian Biodiversity: From Pharmacognostic Data to Ethnopharmacological Investigation.

(A. St.-Hil.

Effect of N-1 arylation of monastrol on kinesin Eg5 inhibition in glioma cell lines.

An original and focused library of two sets of dihydropyrimidin-2-thiones (DHPMs) substituted with N-1 aryl groups derived from monastrol was designed and synthesized in order to discover a more effective Eg5 ligand than the template. Based on molecular docking studies, four ligands were selected to perform pharmacological investigations against two glioma cell lines. The results led to the discovery of two original compounds, called and , with an anti-proliferative effects, achieving IC values of about half that of the IC of monastrol in both cell lines.

Biomonitoring the cardiorenal effects of Luehea divaricata Mart.: An ethnoguided approach.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Luehea divaricata Mart. (Malvaceae) is an important medicinal species that is widely used as a diuretic in the Brazilian Pantanal region. An ethanolic supernatant that was obtained from an infusion of leaves of this species (ESLD) was recently shown to exert hypotensive and diuretic activity.

Oxidation of 1-N2-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine by singlet molecular oxygen results in 2'-deoxyguanosine: a pathway to remove exocyclic DNA damage?

Exocyclic DNA adducts are considered as potential tools for the study of oxidative stress-related diseases, but an important aspect is their chemical reactivity towards oxidant species. We report here the oxidation of 1-N2-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine (1,N2-εdGuo) by singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) generated by a non-ionic water-soluble endoperoxide [N,N'-di(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-1,4-naphthalenedipropanamide endoperoxide (DHPNO2)] and its corresponding oxygen isotopically labeled [18O]-[N,N'-di(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-1,4- naphthalenedipropanamide endoperoxide (DHPN18O2)], and by photosensitization with two different photosensitizers [methylene blue (MB) and Rose Bengal (RB)]. Products detection and characterization were achieved using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to ultraviolet and electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses.

Roles of Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandins in the Sustained Antihypertensive Effects of DC. on Ovariectomized Rats with Renovascular Hypertension.

Although is used in Brazilian folk medicine as an antihypertensive, no study evaluated its effects on a renovascular hypertension and ovariectomy model. So, this study investigated the mechanisms involved in the antihypertensive effects of an ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from (ESAH) using two-kidney-one-clip hypertension in ovariectomized rats (2K1C plus OVT). ESAH was orally administered at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, daily, for 28 days, after 5 weeks of surgery.

Daily Intake of Chlorogenic Acids from Consumption of Maté (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) Traditional Beverages.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the daily intake of chlorogenic acids (CGAs) and methylxanthines by consumers of maté traditional beverages (MTBs), terere and chimarrão (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hill).