Recent Advances in the Genetic Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula: A Review.

Infants born with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, a complex congenital malformation occurring in 1/2500-4000 live births, may suffer threats to their cardiac, respiratory, and digestive health in addition to anomalies that may exist in the genitourinary and musculoskeletal systems. Optimal care for these patients throughout their lives is best achieved through a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach that our health care system is not always well-equipped to provide. This review, though not exhaustive, highlights the components of care that pertain to initial surgical reconstruction and subsequent diagnosis and management of the complications that are most frequently encountered.

Potential opportunities and challenges for infection prevention and control for cystic fibrosis in the modern era.

Purpose Of Review: We describe recent changes in care for people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) that could impact infection prevention and control (IP&C) practices.

Recent Findings: Current IP&C guidelines primarily aim to prevent acquisition and transmission of pathogens in PwCF utilizing evidence-based recommendations for healthcare settings. Currently, highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) is dramatically improving the clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis and reducing pulmonary exacerbations and hospitalizations.

Asthma among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and related outcomes.

Background: Several underlying conditions have been associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 illness, but it remains unclear whether underlying asthma is associated with worse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.

Objective: Given the high prevalence of asthma in the New York City area, our objective was to determine whether underlying asthma was associated with poor outcomes among hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 compared with patients without asthma.

Methods: Electronic heath records were reviewed for 1298 sequential patients 65 years or younger without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were admitted to our hospital system with a confirmed positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test result.