Endorectal T2-weighted MRI does not differentiate between favorable and adverse pathologic features in men with prostate cancer who would qualify for active surveillance.

Objective: With the increased diagnosis of low grade, low volume, potentially non-lethal disease, active surveillance (AS) has become an increasingly popular alternative for select men with low-risk prostate cancer. The absence of precise clinical staging modalities currently makes it difficult to predict which patients are most appropriate for AS. The goal of our study was to evaluate the ability of endorectal MRI (eMRI) to predict adverse pathologic features in patients who would otherwise qualify for an AS program.

Comparison of radiographical imaging modalities for measuring the diameter of renal masses: is there a sizeable difference?

Objective: •To determine which imaging modality (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI; computed tomography, CT; ultrasonography, US) best predicted pathological tumour size before radical or partial nephrectomy.

Patients And Methods: •The clinicopathological data of 776 patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy were retrospectively reviewed in the context of the radiological modality used for preoperative diagnosis. •The maximum reported diameter of the tumour was compared with the maximum diameter of the tumour after resection.

Repeat prostate biopsy and the incremental risk of clinically insignificant prostate cancer.

Objectives: To determine the incremental risk of diagnosis of clinically insignificant prostate cancer with serial prostate biopsies.

Methods: We reviewed our institutional radical prostatectomy (RP) database comprising 2411 consecutive patients undergoing RP. We then stratified patients by the prostate biopsy on which their cancer was diagnosed and correlated biopsy number with the risk of clinically insignificant disease and adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy.

Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on patients with lymph node metastasis at the time of radical cystectomy.

Introduction: Radical cystectomy (RC) remains the gold standard treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of patients will have lymph node involvement at the time of RC. We set out to determine the impact of adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (AC) in a cohort of lymph node positive patients following RC.

Longitudinal evaluation of the concordance and prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion in transurethral resection and radical cystectomy specimens.

Objective: To evaluate the concordance transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and radical cystectomy (RC) specimens with regard to the presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI). Additionally, to evaluate the prognostic value of LVI in the prediction of lymph node metastases, overall survival, disease-specific survival and recurrence-free survival following RC.

Patients And Methods: The records of 487 patients who underwent RC at our institution between 1987 and 2008 were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated for the presence or absence of LVI as determined by pathological evaluation.

Defining pathological variables to predict biochemical failure in patients with positive surgical margins at radical prostatectomy: implications for adjuvant radiotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of estimated tumour volume, number of positive surgical margins (PSMs), and margin location for predicting biochemical failure in patients with PSM, in an attempt to better risk-stratify the heterogeneous group of patients at high risk of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed our database of 2410 patients who had RP, and isolated 423 with PSMs who had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir at undetectable levels. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for univariate survival analysis, with the log-rank test used to examine differences between survival curves.

The presence of lymphovascular invasion in radical cystectomy specimens from patients with urothelial carcinoma portends a poor clinical prognosis.

Objectives: To assess the prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on clinical outcomes in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with radical cystectomy (RC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a prospectively maintained and authorised cystectomy database; the presence or absence of LVI was determined by pathological examination of the RC specimen. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier tables were developed to evaluate the contribution of LVI to clinical outcomes.