Kawasaki Disease Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Population-based Study in the United States.

Background: A decrease in the incidence of Kawasaki disease during the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported globally. Yet, previous US studies utilized patient populations of limited size and geographic scope, leaving a knowledge gap regarding the national trend. Employing a large sample size will increase the generalizability of the results and allow for more detailed analyses.

Current Postlaunch Implementation of State Mandates of Newborn Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease by Pulse Oximetry in U.S. States and Hospitals.

Objective: Our objective was to gauge adherence to nationally endorsed protocols in implementation of pulse oximetry (POx) screening for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in infants after mandate by all states and to assess associated characteristics.

Study Design: Between March and October 2019, an online questionnaire was administered to nurse supervisors who oversee personnel conducting POx screening. The questionnaire used eight questions regarding performance and interpretation of screening protocols to measure policy consistency, which is adherence to nationally endorsed protocols for POx screening developed by professional medical societies.

Pulse Oximetry Screening: Association of State Mandates with Emergency Hospitalizations.

We evaluated the association between implementation of state-mandated pulse oximetry screening (POS) and rates of emergency hospitalizations among infants with Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) and assessed differences in that association across race/ethnicity. We hypothesized that emergency hospitalizations among infants with CCHD decreased after implementation of mandated POS and that the reduction was larger among racial and ethnic minorities compared to non-Hispanic Whites. We utilized statewide inpatient databases from Arizona, California, Kentucky, New Jersey, New York, and Washington State (2010-2014).

Reduced rate of postpartum readmissions among homeless compared with non-homeless women in New York: a population-based study using serial, cross-sectional data.

Objective: To assess differences in rates of postpartum hospitalisations among homeless women compared with non-homeless women.

Design: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of readmissions and emergency department (ED) utilisation among postpartum women using hierarchical regression models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, insurance type during delivery, delivery length of stay, maternal comorbidity index score, other pregnancy complications, neonatal complications, caesarean delivery, year fixed effect and a birth hospital random effect.

Setting: New York statewide inpatient and emergency department databases (2009-2014).

Health Care Utilization Due to Substance Abuse Among Homeless and Nonhomeless Children and Young Adults in New York.

Objective: Substance abuse, particularly among homeless youths, is a significant public health challenge in the United States. Detailed data about health care utilization resulting from this preventable behavior remain sparse. This study aimed to compare health care utilization rates related to substance abuse among homeless and nonhomeless youths.

Health Care Utilization of Homeless Minors With Diabetes in New York State From 2009 to 2014.

Objective: This study aims to describe differences in health care utilization between homeless and nonhomeless minors with diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Statewide Inpatient Database from New York for years 2009-2014 were examined to identify pediatric patients <18 years old with diabetes. Outcomes of interest included hospitalization rate, in-hospital mortality, admission through the emergency department (ED), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hospitalization cost, and length of stay (LOS).

Effect of newborn screening for critical CHD on healthcare utilisation.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of state-mandated policies for pulse oximetry screening on healthcare utilisation, with a focus on use of echocardiograms.

Data Sources/study Setting: Healthcare Cost and Utilisation Project, Statewide Inpatient Databases from 2008 to 2014 from six states.

Methods: We defined pre- and post-mandate cohorts based on dates when pulse oximetry became mandated in each state.

Asthma Hospitalizations Among Homeless Children in New York State.

Background And Objectives: Asthma is widely prevalent among US children, particularly in homeless children, who often lack proper medication storage or the ability to avoid environmental triggers. In this study, we assess asthma-attributed health care use among homeless youth. We hypothesize that asthma hospitalization rates, symptom severity, and admission through the emergency department (ED) will be higher among homeless youth compared with nonhomeless youth.

Impact of pediatric cardiac surgery regionalization on health care utilization and mortality.

Objective: Regionalization directs patients to high-volume hospitals for specialized care. We investigated regionalization trends and outcomes in pediatric cardiac surgery.

Data Sources/study Setting: Statewide inpatient data from eleven states between 2000 and 2012.

Patient characteristics and incidence of childhood hospitalisation due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the United States of America 2001-2014.

This study investigated patient characteristics in paediatric hospitalisations for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We used Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which is the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United States, yielding nationally representative estimates, from 2001 to 2014. ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes identified hospitalisations for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and <18 years.

Urban/rural residence effect on emergency department visits arising from food-induced anaphylaxis.

Background: Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially fatal allergic response. Early-life exposure to rural environments may help protect against allergic reaction. This study assesses urban/rural differences by age and race/ethnicity in emergency department (ED) pediatric visit rates for food-induced anaphylaxis.

Patient Characteristics and Emergency Department Factors Associated with Survival After Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Children and Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample, 2006-2013.

The purpose of the study is to examine (1) nationally representative incidence rates of Emergency Department (ED) visits due to sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in pediatric and young adult populations, (2) basic characteristics of the ED visits with SCA, and (3) patient and hospital factors associated with survival after SCA. We used the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample from 2006 to 2013. ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes identified ED visits due to SCA for patients ≤ 30 years old.