Implicit bias in the patient descriptor "homeless" and its association with emergency department opioid administration and disposition.

Background: Biased language in provider documentation of marginalized patient populations has been shown to negatively influence patient management. There has been debate over the use of "homeless" as a descriptor of people experiencing homelessness (PEH), as it is a potentially biased term with negative connotations. This study explores the relationship between the use of the word "homeless" in Emergency Department (ED) provider documentation and admission rates, as well as intravenous (IV) vs.

The Antitumor Potential of Sicilian Grape Pomace Extract: A Balance between ROS-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis.

From the perspective of circular economy, it is extremely useful to recycle waste products for human health applications. Among the health-beneficial properties of bioactive phyto-compounds, grape pomace represents a precious source of bioactive molecules with potential antitumor properties. Here, we describe the effects of a Sicilian grape pomace hydroalcoholic extract (HE) in colon and breast cancer cells.

Synthetic Derivatives of Natural -Kaurane Atractyligenin Disclose Anticancer Properties in Colon Cancer Cells, Triggering Apoptotic Cell Demise.

The antitumor activity of different -kaurane diterpenes has been extensively studied. Several investigations have demonstrated the excellent antitumor activity of synthetic derivatives of the diterpene atractyligenin. In this research, a series of new synthetic amides and their 15,19-di-oxo analogues obtained from atractyligenin by modifying the C-2, C-15, and C-19 positions were designed in order to dispose of a set of derivatives with different substitutions at the amidic nitrogen.

L. subsp. Essential Oils and Their Principal Constituents as Anticancer Agents.

L. subsp. , belonging to the Apiaceae family, is a species that grows in Europe, mainly in the Mediterranean regions.

Special Issue: "Inflammatory Signaling Pathways Involved in Gastrointestinal Diseases".

Inflammation is a defensive response of the innate and adaptive immune systems against injury and/or harmful microorganisms to restore homeostasis [...

Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Sicilian Oregano Essential Oil in Human Breast Cancer Cells.

L. is an aromatic plant that exerts antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities, mainly due to its essential oil (EO) content. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanism underlying the in vitro antitumor activity of EO extracted by hydrodistillation of dried flowers and leaves of L.

Biomarkers in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Literature Review.

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common cancer among head and neck cancers. Despite a lower incidence of laryngeal carcinoma, new diagnostic techniques, and more targeted therapies, the overall survival has not changed significantly in the last decades, leading to a negative prognosis in advanced stages. Recently, several studies have focused on the identification of biomarkers that may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of LSCC.

Foodomics-Based Approaches Shed Light on the Potential Protective Effects of Polyphenols in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GT) caused by a wide range of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. IBD is characterized by chronic inflammation and decreased gut microbial diversity, dysbiosis, with a lower number of beneficial bacteria and a concomitant increase in pathogenic species. It is well known that dysbiosis is closely related to the induction of inflammation and oxidative stress, the latter caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular antioxidant capacity, leading to cellular ROS accumulation.

Seseli bocconei Guss. and S. tortuosum subsp. maritimum Guss. essential oils inhibit colon cancer cell viability.

In this study, the chemical compositions of two essential oils (EOs) obtained from different parts (flowers, leaves, stems, and roots) of Seseli bocconei Guss. and of Seseli tortuosum subsp. maritimum Guss.

Advances in the Astonishing World of Phytochemicals: State-of-the-Art for Antioxidants.

In recent years, research on phytochemicals has underscored pleiotropic actions and medicinal and health-promoting properties which certainly deserve serious attention [...

Spontaneous motion of a passive fluid droplet in an active microchannel.

We numerically study the dynamics of a passive fluid droplet confined within a microchannel whose walls are covered with a thin layer of active gel. The latter represents a fluid of extensile material modelling, for example, a suspension of cytoskeletal filaments and molecular motors. Our results show that the layer is capable of producing a spontaneous flow triggering a rectilinear motion of the passive droplet.

Distinct neurophysiology during nonword repetition in logopenic and non-fluent variants of primary progressive aphasia.

Overlapping clinical presentations in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants present challenges for diagnosis and understanding pathophysiology, particularly in the early stages of the disease when behavioral (speech) symptoms are not clearly evident. Divergent atrophy patterns (temporoparietal degeneration in logopenic variant lvPPA, frontal degeneration in nonfluent variant nfvPPA) can partially account for differential speech production errors in the two groups in the later stages of the disease. While the existing dogma states that neurodegeneration is the root cause of compromised behavior and cortical activity in PPA, the extent to which neurophysiological signatures of speech dysfunction manifest independent of their divergent atrophy patterns remain unknown.

MCL1 Inhibition Overcomes the Aggressiveness Features of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype among breast cancers (BCs), characterized by anoikis resistance, high invasiveness, and metastatic potential as well as Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and stemness features. In the last few years, our research focused on the function of MCL1, an antiapoptotic protein frequently deregulated in TNBC. Here, we demonstrate that MCL1 inhibition by A-1210477, a specific BH3-mimetic, promotes anoikis/apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, as shown via an increase in proapoptotic markers and caspase activation.

Multimodal Strategies to Fight Obesity: Research on Tailored Therapies Based on Natural and Synthetic Compounds for Prevention, Management and Treatment.

In the past 50 years, the global prevalence of obesity and overweight has tripled, reaching pandemic proportions and blatantly representing an urgent problem for public health [...

A Deadly Liaison between Oxidative Injury and p53 Drives Methyl-Gallate-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells.

Methyl gallate (MG), which is a gallotannin widely found in plants, is a polyphenol used in traditional Chinese phytotherapy to alleviate several cancer symptoms. Our studies provided evidence that MG is capable of reducing the viability of HCT116 colon cancer cells, while it was found to be ineffective on differentiated Caco-2 cells, which is a model of polarized colon cells. In the first phase of treatment, MG promoted both early ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, sustained by elevated PERK, Grp78 and CHOP expression levels, as well as an upregulation in intracellular calcium content.

Phytochemical investigation and antitumor activity of coumarins from Sicilian accession of (L.) Boiss. roots.

(L.) Boiss. (Apiaceae) is a species occurring in the Balkan-Tyrrhenian area being present in Crete, Greece, Albania, and probably in Macedonia.

Benchmarking YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 models with DeepSORT for droplet tracking applications.

Tracking droplets in microfluidics is a challenging task. The difficulty arises in choosing a tool to analyze general microfluidic videos to infer physical quantities. The state-of-the-art object detector algorithm You Only Look Once (YOLO) and the object tracking algorithm Simple Online and Realtime Tracking with a Deep Association Metric (DeepSORT) are customizable for droplet identification and tracking.

Effect of coarse graining in water models for the study of kinetics and mechanisms of clathrate hydrates nucleation and growth.

Clathrate hydrates are crystalline inclusion compounds wherein a water framework encages small guest atoms/molecules within its cavities. Among the others, methane clathrates are the largest fossil fuel resource still available. They can also be used to safely transport gases and can also form spontaneously under suitable conditions plugging pipelines.

Hypertrophy and ER Stress Induced by Palmitate Are Counteracted by Mango Peel and Seed Extracts in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.

A diet rich in saturated fatty acids (FAs) has been correlated with metabolic dysfunction and ROS increase in the adipose tissue of obese subjects. Thus, reducing hypertrophy and oxidative stress in adipose tissue can represent a strategy to counteract obesity and obesity-related diseases. In this context, the present study showed how the peel and seed extracts of mango (.

Lightweight lattice Boltzmann.

A regularized version of the lattice Boltzmann method for efficient simulation of soft materials is introduced. Unlike standard approaches, this method reconstructs the distribution functions from available hydrodynamic variables (density, momentum, and pressure tensor) without storing the full set of discrete populations. This scheme shows significantly lower memory requirements and data access costs.

The crucial role of adhesion in the transmigration of active droplets through interstitial orifices.

Active fluid droplets are a class of soft materials exhibiting autonomous motion sustained by an energy supply. Such systems have been shown to capture motility regimes typical of biological cells and are ideal candidates as building-block for the fabrication of soft biomimetic materials of interest in pharmacology, tissue engineering and lab on chip devices. While their behavior is well established in unconstrained environments, much less is known about their dynamics under strong confinement.

Simulating Polymerization by Boltzmann Inversion Force Field Approach and Dynamical Nonequilibrium Reactive Molecular Dynamics.

The radical polymerization process of acrylate compounds is, nowadays, numerically investigated using classical force fields and reactive molecular dynamics, with the aim to probe the gel-point transition as a function of the initial radical concentration. In the present paper, the gel-point transition of the 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDMA) is investigated by a coarser force field which grants a reduction in the computational costs, thereby allowing the simulation of larger system sizes and smaller radical concentrations. Hence, the polymerization is investigated using reactive classical molecular dynamics combined with a dynamical approach of the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (D-NEMD).

[Antimicrobial stewardship program during the COVID-19 pandemic].

In spite of the low frequency of COVID-19 associated bacterial coinfections, the rate of empiric antibiotic use varies between 70% and 90%. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on COVID-19 patients. The study design was an interrupted time series, assessing prevalence of antibiotic use, adequacy of treatment and antimicrobial consumption in adult patients hospitalized with COVID before the COVID-ASP implementation in June 2020, and on three subsequent periods (P2 in August 2020, P3 in October 2020 and P4 in June 2021).