The Impact of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Found at Mammary Carcinoma Sites is Dependent Upon the Tumor Type.

Background: Previously, we reported that tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) at early sites of mammary carcinoma showed a decrease in ATP production rate and a higher dependence on oxidative phosphorylation.

Methods: Since these changes can result from activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) during metabolic stress, we investigated whether the TAM showed increased expression of and , as well as another indicator of metabolic stress, . Indeed, the TAM exhibited significant expression of , , and .

U.S. adolescents' attitudes toward school, social connection, media use, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Differences as a function of gender identity and school context.

The COVID-19 pandemic changed school contexts and social opportunities dramatically for adolescents around the world. Thus, certain adolescents may have been more susceptible to the stress of the pandemic as a function of differences in schooling. We present data from 1256 United States adolescents (ages 14-16) to examine how the 2020-2021 school context (in-person, hybrid, or virtual) related to feelings of school satisfaction and success, social connection, mental health, and media use.

Endoleak outcomes with different stent-graft generations in a 25-years thoracic endovascular aortic repair experience.

Introduction: To compare endoleak outcomes after thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) with different stent-graft generations into long-term follow-up.

Design: retrospective, observational, and single-center cohort study.

Methods: TEVAR procedures performed between November 1995 and December 2020 were analyzed.

Intravascular Ultrasound in Branched and Fenestrated Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: Initial Experience in a Single-Center Cohort Study.

Purpose: To evaluate intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) safety and efficacy to detect visceral stenting issues during complex endovascular aneurysm repair through branched and fenestrated repair (B-FEVAR).

Materials And Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis of 33 bridging stents assessed intraoperatively using IVUS between January and September 2020 was performed. Ten aortic aneurysm patients [7 thoracoabdominal / 1 pararenal / 2 juxtarenal; 3 females; mean age 73 years [range 70-77 years]) were included.

A prognostic risk score for major amputation in dialysis patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia after endovascular revascularization.

Background: Almost 38% of all patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) have peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs that can lead to chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). The aim of this study was to assess the impact of several factors to conduct a stratification of the amputation risk in CKD patients with CLTI receiving endovascular revascularization.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, single-center study of patients treated from 2010 to 2016.

Outcome of Endovascular Repair of Popliteal Artery Aneurysms using the Supera Stent.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of endovascular repair of popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) with a wire-interwoven nitinol stent.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive, and analytical study. From January 2016 to December 2018, 28 consecutive patients (29 lower limbs) were treated for a PAA with the deployment of the Supera stent (Abbott Vascular, Illinois).

Analysis of macrophages and neutrophils infiltrating murine mammary carcinoma sites within hours of tumor delivery.

Here we used three different murine mammary carcinomas to study the immune environment associated with early tumor sites. While it was not surprising that the early immune response was predominated by macrophages and neutrophils, there were some novel findings at this early stage of disease. For instance, the macrophages and neutrophils expressed a mixed cytokine profile with TNF-α and TGF-β both produced at appreciable levels.

Impact of plaque dilation before carotid artery stent deployment.

Objective: Plaque stability is of utmost importance for stroke prevention in the perioperative period (within 24 hours) following carotid artery stenting (CAS). Although carotid plaque is entrapped between stent struts after stent deployment, postdilation can cause a scissoring effect on the plaque, increasing the risk of postprocedural embolic events due to plaque prolapse. Maximum carotid plaque dilation before stent deployment may reduce this risk.

Influence of Type of Fixation and Other Characteristics on Outcome after Endovascular Repair of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Background: Endovascular treatment nowadays represents a valuable option in the treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs). The aim of this study is to evaluate a 15-year, single-center experience with endovascular treatment of rAAAs and the role of the type of fixation in outcome.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all consecutive hemodynamically stable and unstable patients with a diagnosed rAAA treated at this hospital with an endovascular procedure between December 1999 and January 2015 was conducted.

New Conception of Relining in the Endovascular Aneurysm Sealing Era: A Monocentric Case Series Study.

Over 20 years from the first endovascular aortic repair, endoleaks still represent a common problem, even with newer endograft generation. Numerous procedures can be adopted to manage these complications; relining of the endoprosthesis is a rational technique to treat type III and IV endoleaks. The absence of dedicated materials for these procedures forces the vascular surgeon to perform complex hybrid or endovascular interventions.

Endovascular aneurysm sealing with the Nellix endograft in hemodynamically-unstable ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm with challenging anatomy.

Background: To assess immediate and midterm outcomes of hemodynamically-unstable patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) treated with the Nellix endovascular sealing system (EVAS).

Methods: From June 2014 to June 2017, 21 hemodynamically-unstable rAAA patients with challenging anatomies were treated with EVAS. The mean AAA diameter and neck length measured 73±15 mm and 14±10 mm, respectively.

"When You're a Baby You Don't Have Puberty": Understanding of Puberty and Human Reproduction in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence.

Basic knowledge of human reproduction can help youth prepare for puberty and make later classes focused on advanced reproductive health topics manageable. With the intention of potentially informing the creation of learning materials, we conducted a needs assessment among children ages 7 to 12 in our suburban Chicago community to ascertain their current understanding of, and beliefs and misconceptions about, human reproduction, and to determine their needs for additional reproductive health education. We held qualitative focus group interviews with local children.

Toddler learning from video: Effect of matched pedagogical cues.

Toddlers learn about their social world by following visual and verbal cues from adults, but they have difficulty transferring what they see in one context to another (e.g., from a screen to real life).

Midterm Outcomes of the Nellix Endovascular Aneurysm Sealing System: A Dual-Center Experience.

Purpose: To report midterm outcomes of the Nellix Endovascular Aneurysm Sealing (EVAS) System in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Methods: Between September 2013 and July 2014, 64 AAA patients (mean age 76.6±6.

The detection and subsequent volume optimization of biological nanocrystals.

Identifying and then optimizing initial crystallization conditions is a prerequisite for macromolecular structure determination by crystallography. Improved technologies enable data collection on crystals that are difficult if not impossible to detect using visible imaging. The application of second-order nonlinear imaging of chiral crystals and ultraviolet two-photon excited fluorescence detection is shown to be applicable in a high-throughput manner to rapidly verify the presence of nanocrystals in crystallization screening conditions.

Use of Aortic Occluders and Endovascular Plugs in a 2-step Hybrid Treatment of Secondary Aortoenteric Fistulas.

Aortoenteric fistula (AEF) is a dreadful complication of abdominal aortic surgery. Surgical treatment is associated to high mortality and requires urgent graft removal with extra-anatomic or in situ reconstruction. Other authors suggest the use of stent grafts, both as a stand-alone procedure or as a bridge solution before open repair.

Durability and efficacy of tibial arterial stent placement for critical limb ischemia.

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy and durability of long-term tibioperoneal arterial stent placement for selected cases of symptomatic chronic limb ischemia (CLI).

Materials And Methods: From January 2005 to June 2012, 168 limbs (155 patients) were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)/stent placement for de novo tibial stenosis or occlusion in at least one tibial artery. Most patients (92.

Midterm results of endovascular treatment of superficial femoral artery disease with biodegradable stents: single-center experience.

Purpose: To assess the midterm efficacy of a biodegradable poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) stent in the treatment of superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusive disease.

Materials And Methods: Between June 2009 and April 2011, 35 de novo SFA lesions were treated with 43 biodegradable stents. This nonrandomized, retrospective, single-center study included patients with moderate or severe claudication, lower-limb rest pain, or ischemic ulceration restricted to the toes; symptoms were classified as Rutherford category 2 (48.

Impact of homocysteine-thiolactone on plasma fibrin networks.

Epidemiologic studies have shown that hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for vascular disease. Homocysteine (Hcy) circulates as different species, mostly protein bound, and approximately 1% as its reduced form and the cyclic thioester homocysteine-thiolactone (HTL). Despite the level of plasma thiolactone being markedly low, detrimental effects are related to its high reactivity.

Transealing: a novel and simple technique for embolization of type 2 endoleaks through direct sac access from the distal stent-graft landing zone.

Objective: Type 2 endoleak (T2EL) is the Achilles' heel of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Experience with transealing, an alternative technique for the treatment of T2ELs, is described.

Methods: The outcome of a group of patients treated with transealing has been reviewed.

Characterization of N-homocysteinylated albumin adducts.

Increased plasma homocysteine levels are considered an important risk factor for vascular disease. Homocysteine, an intermediate compound in methionine metabolism, is an amino acid that includes a thiol group, and circulates as different species. One of them, Homocysteine thiolactone (HTL) forms adducts through irreversible reactions with epsilon-NH2 groups of lysine residues.

Home treatment in paediatric patients with Hunter syndrome: the first Italian experience.

Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type II [MPS II], OMIM309900) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of the enzyme iduronate-2-sulphatase, resulting in accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, progressive multisystem organ failure, and early death. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with weekly intravenous infusions of idursulfase, a treatment for MPS II and commercially available since 2007, has been shown to improve certain symptoms and signs of the disease. The efficacy and safety data of this enzyme preparation have been widely reported and, after a change to the idursulfase Summary of Product Characteristics in March 2010, home ERT by infusion is now an option for selected patients.