Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Antibiotics and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Finnish Children: A Registry-based Study.

Objective: To study whether prenatal and postnatal exposure to antibiotics is associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood.

Study Design: This case cohort study included 2869 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by the end of 2009 who were born between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2008, in Finland and a reference cohort (n = 74 263) representing 10% of each birth cohort. Exposure to antibiotics was assessed in different time periods.

Pregnancies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus during 2000-2018 in Finland: a case-control study.

Objectives: The aim was to investigate, how pregnancies proceed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to their individually matched population controls.

Material And Methods: Adult incident SLE patients were identified from the register of new special reimbursement decisions for SLE drugs in 2000-2014. For each patient, 1-3 randomly selected controls from the Population Register Centre were matched.

Psychiatric disorders in paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a nationwide Danish study.

Objectives: To investigate the frequency of psychiatric disorders before and after onset of paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (pIMID).

Study Design: In a nationwide study from 1996 to 2018, we investigated psychiatric disorders in patients with paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune liver diseases and rheumatic diseases, using Danish national healthcare and population registers. Each case was matched with up to 10 controls from the background population.

Risk Factors of Cancer in Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Denmark and Finland.

Objectives: Pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) increases the risk of developing several different cancer forms. In this case-control study, we aimed to assess the impact of medical treatment and disease activity on the risk of developing disease-associated cancer (DAC) and treatment-associated cancer (TAC).

Methods: In a previous study, we identified 27 cases of DAC (colorectal cancer, small bowel cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma) and 28 TAC (lymphoma and skin cancer) in 6689 patients with pIBD in Denmark and Finland during the period 1992-2015.

Malignancies among newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus patients and their survival.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of malignancies among newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared to reference individuals. Another aim was to assess the survival of SLE patients with malignancy compared to references with malignancy. Finnish adult (>17 years) newly diagnosed SLE patients were identified by their drug reimbursement decisions made during 1.

Opioid use frequency in early axial spondyloarthritis in Finland - a pharmacoepidemic register study.

Objectives: To evaluate opioid use among incident axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients compared to general population.

Methods: From the national register, we identified all adult patients with axSpA (ICD-10 codes M45-46), who between 2010 and 2014 (index date, ID) were for the first time granted special reimbursement for any disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Three matched population controls were identified for each patient.

Early Start of Anti-Dementia Medication Delays Transition to 24-Hour Care in Alzheimer's Disease Patients: A Finnish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Dementia is one of the strongest predictors of admission to a 24-hour care facility among older people, and 24-hour care is the major cost of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of early start of anti-dementia medication and other predisposing factors with 2-year risk of transition to 24-hour care in the nationwide cohort of Finnish AD patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective, non-interventional study based on individual-level data from Finnish national health and social care registers.

Usage of drugs for cardiovascular diseases is increased in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients already before diagnosis of SLE.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are considered as a high-risk population for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To explore whether their risk is increased already in preclinical episodes of the disease, we have studied the usage of CVD drugs in incident SLE cases five years before diagnosis of SLE compared to the population controls.

Methods: Adult SLE incident patients (age ≥18 years) from 2004 through 2014 were identified from a nationwide register.

Cow's milk allergy in infancy and later development of type 1 diabetes-nationwide case-cohort study.

Bakground: It is suggested that early intake of cow's milk could be a risk factor for type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Further, the different immunological background, gives a suggestion of an inverse relationship for the occurrence of these diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the association between cow's milk allergy (CMA) and the risk of T1DM in a register-based case-cohort study.

Mortality in SLE patients compared with population controls in Finland in years 2000-2015.

Objective: To estimate the risk of mortality in the Finnish incident SLE cohort in a 16-year period compared with the general population.

Methods: Adults with new-onset SLE between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2014 identified from the national drug reimbursement register and their individually matched controls from the Population Register Centre were followed up until death or 31 December 2015. Data on deaths were retrieved from the national causes of death register.

Multimorbidity among incident Finnish systemic lupus erythematosus patients during 2000-2017.

The objective of the study was to examine the risk of other morbidities among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 1006 adult new-onset SLE patients were identified during 1.1.

First-year drug therapy of new-onset rheumatoid and undifferentiated arthritis: a nationwide register-based study.

Background: In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the drug therapies used for early rheumatoid (RA) and undifferentiated (UA) arthritis patients.

Methods: From a nationwide register maintained by the Social Insurance Institution, information on sex, date of birth, and date of special medicine reimbursement decision for all new Finnish RA and UA patients between 2011 and 14 were collected, and their DMARD (Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drug) purchases during the first year after the diagnosis were analyzed.

Results: A total of 7338 patients with early RA (67.

Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in Adult Celiac Disease and Dermatitis Herpetiformis Diagnosed in the 21st Century.

Introduction: We assessed whether celiac disease-associated mortality is increased in Finland among patients diagnosed in the 21st century, given recent improvements in diagnostic and treatment facilities.

Methods: Biopsy-proven patients with celiac disease (Marsh III) and dermatitis herpetiformis aged 20-79 years (median 50 years) diagnosed 2005-2014 (n = 12,803) were identified from the national dietary grant registry. Dates and causes of death were obtained from Statistics Finland.

Socioeconomic differences in use of public, occupational and private health care: A register-linkage study of a working-age population in Finland.

There is little knowledge on socioeconomic differences in use of health care organized by different care schemes and on exclusive and concurrent use of health care at different schemes in different socioeconomic groups. In Finland, public, occupational and private schemes offer parallel outpatient primary health care services. Each scheme mainly reaches different population groups because of differences in availability, costs and gatekeeping.

Perinatal factors and the risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood and adolescence-A register-based case-cohort study in Finland, years 1987 to 2009.

Objectives: Our aim was to clarify previously reported associations and to explore new ones between various maternal background and perinatal factors and the risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood.

Methods: We identified all children born 1 January 1987 to 31 December 2008 in Finland and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by age 16 years or end of 2009 from the Special Reimbursement Register (n = 6862). A 10% random sample from each birth year cohort was selected as a reference cohort (n = 127 216).

Use of Antiasthmatic Drugs and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Nationwide Case-Cohort Study.

Asthma has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood, but the reasons are unclear. We examined whether the use of antiasthmatic drugs was associated with the development of type 1 diabetes in childhood in a nationwide, register-based case-cohort study. We identified all children who were born January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2008, in Finland and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by 2010 (n = 3,342).

Opioid Use among Patients with Early Inflammatory Arthritides Compared to the General Population.

Objective: To assess to what extent the worldwide opioid epidemic affects Finnish patients with early inflammatory arthritis (IA).

Methods: From the nationwide register maintained by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, we collected all incident adult patients with newly onset seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA+ and RA-) and undifferentiated arthritis (UA) between 2010 and 2014. For each case, 3 general population (GP) controls were matched according to age, sex, and place of residence.

Impact of Anti-Dementia Medication on the Risk of Death and Causes of Death in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The Finnish population offers many advantages for evaluating the impact of anti-dementia medication on mortality in Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to broad range of individual-level data collected in national health and social care registries and the fact that Finland has one of the highest mortality rates for dementia globally.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of anti-dementia medication with 2-year risk of death and all-cause mortality in patients with AD.

Methods: This was a retrospective, non-interventional registry study based on individual-level data using Finnish national health and social care registries.

Self-certification versus physician certification of sick leave for reducing sickness absence and associated costs.

Background: From the societal and employers' perspectives, sickness absence has a large economic impact. Internationally, there is variation in sickness certification practices. However, in most countries a physician's certificate of illness or reduced work ability is needed at some point of sickness absence.

The incidence of cancer and mortality in paediatric onset inflammatory bowel disease in Denmark and Finland during a 23-year period: a population-based study.

Background: Recent studies report increased risks of both cancer and mortality in paediatric onset inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) but the reproducibility of this is unknown.

Aim: To estimate the risk of cancer and mortality in the Danish and Finnish pIBD population in a 23-year period compared to the general population.

Methods: The pIBD population was defined as individuals registered in the national patient registries with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD-unclassified before their 18th birthday from 1992 to 2014.

Early part-time sick leave results in considerable savings in social security costs at national level: an analysis based on a quasi-experiment in Finland.

Objectives We analyzed social security costs based on an earlier quasi-experiment that compared work participation between partial sickness beneficiaries and a matched group of full sickness beneficiaries. Methods Utilizing a population-based 70% representative sample, 1878 persons with part-time sick leave (intervention group) due to musculoskeletal diseases or mental disorders at an early stage of work disability and their propensity-score-matched controls with full-time sick leave were followed for two years. The outcome was the difference (absolute and relative) in social security costs between the intervention and control groups during follow-up.

Increasing incidence and shifting profile of idiopathic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in adults during this millennium.

To explore the trends in the incidence of idiopathic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) after the turn of the millennium. From a nationwide register maintained by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, we collected all adult patients with IIRDs granted a new special reimbursement for anti-rheumatic drugs between 2000 and 2014. Temporal trends in the incidences of various IIRDs were estimated in three 5-year intervals.