Chip-based high resolution tandem mass spectrometric determination of fibroblast growth factor-chondroitin sulfate disaccharides noncovalent interaction.

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is involved in wound healing and embryonic development. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), the major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), play fundamental roles at this level. FGF-GAG noncovalent interactions are in the focus of research, due to their influence upon cell proliferation and tissue regeneration.

Comparison of Chromosome 4 gene expression profile between lung telocytes and other local cell types.

Telocytes (TCs) are new cellular entities of mesenchymal origin described almost ubiquitously in human and mammalian organs (www.telocytes.com).

Reaching out: junctions between cardiac telocytes and cardiac stem cells in culture.

Telocytes (TCs) were previously shown by our group to form a tandem with stem/progenitor cells in cardiac stem cell (CSC) niches, fulfilling various roles in cardiac renewal. Among these, the ability to 'nurse' CSCs in situ, both through direct physical contact (junctions) as well as at a distance, by paracrine signalling or through extracellular vesicles containing mRNA. We employed electron microscopy to identify junctions (such as gap or adherens junctions) in a co-culture of cardiac TCs and CSCs.

Telopodes of telocytes are influenced in vitro by redox conditions and ageing.

Telocytes (TCs) are a novel cell type identified among interstitial cells in various organs. TCs are characterized by very long cell processes (tens to hundreds micrometres) named telopodes (Tps) with uneven calibre: dilations (podoms) and very thin segments (podomers). However, little is known about the factors which influence Tps conformation.

The secretome of myocardial telocytes modulates the activity of cardiac stem cells.

Telocytes (TCs) are interstitial cells that are present in numerous organs, including the heart interstitial space and cardiac stem cell niche. TCs are completely different from fibroblasts. TCs release extracellular vesicles that may interact with cardiac stem cells (CSCs) via paracrine effects.

Orbitrap mass spectrometry characterization of hybrid chondroitin/dermatan sulfate hexasaccharide domains expressed in brain.

In the central nervous system, chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) modulate neurotrophic effects and glial cell maturation during brain development. Previous reports revealed that GAG composition could be responsible for CS/DS activities in brain. In this work, for the structural characterization of DS- and CS-rich domains in hybrid GAG chains extracted from neural tissue, we have developed an advanced approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) using nanoelectrospray ionization Orbitrap in the negative ion mode.

FIB-SEM tomography of human skin telocytes and their extracellular vesicles.

We have shown in 2012 the existence of telocytes (TCs) in human dermis. TCs were described by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as interstitial cells located in non-epithelial spaces (stroma) of many organs (see www.telocytes.

Telocytes in human liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response which engages a variety of cell types to encapsulate injury. Telocyte (TC), a novel type of interstitial cell, has been identified in a variety of tissues and organs including liver. TCs have been reported to be reduced in fibrotic areas after myocardial infarction, human interstitial wall's fibrotic remodelling caused either by ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, and skin of systemic sclerosis.

Telocytes transfer extracellular vesicles loaded with microRNAs to stem cells.

Telocytes (TCs) are cells ubiquitously distributed in the body and characterized by very long and thin prolongations named telopodes (Tps). Cardiac TCs are the best characterized TCs for the moment. Tps release extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vivo and in vitro suggesting that TCs regulate the activity of other cells by vesicular paracrine signals.

Telocytes and putative stem cells in ageing human heart.

Tradition considers that mammalian heart consists of about 70% non-myocytes (interstitial cells) and 30% cardiomyocytes (CMs). Anyway, the presence of telocytes (TCs) has been overlooked, since they were described in 2010 (visit www.telocytes.

Telocytes revisited.

Telocytes (TCs) are a novel interstitial (stromal) cell type described in many tissues and organs (www.telocytes.com).

Variations of chromosomes 2 and 3 gene expression profiles among pulmonary telocytes, pneumocytes, airway cells, mesenchymal stem cells and lymphocytes.

Telocytes (TCs) were identified as a distinct cellular type of the interstitial tissue and defined as cells with extremely long telopodes (Tps). Our previous data demonstrated patterns of mouse TC-specific gene profiles on chromosome 1. The present study focuses on the identification of characters and patterns of TC-specific or TC-dominated gene expression profiles in chromosome 2 and 3, the network of principle genes and potential functional association.

Extracellular vesicles release by cardiac telocytes: electron microscopy and electron tomography.

Telocytes have been reported to play an important role in long-distance heterocellular communication in normal and diseased heart, both through direct contact (atypical junctions), as well as by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs) which may act as paracrine mediators. Exosomes and ectosomes are the two main types of EVs, as classified by size and the mechanism of biogenesis. Using electron microscopy (EM) and electron tomography (ET) we have found that telocytes in culture release at least three types of EVs: exosomes (released from endosomes; 45 ± 8 nm), ectosomes (which bud directly from the plasma membrane; 128 ± 28 nm) and multivesicular cargos (MVC; 1 ± 0.

Isolated human uterine telocytes: immunocytochemistry and electrophysiology of T-type calcium channels.

Recently, telocytes (TCs) were described as a new cell type in the interstitial space of many organs, including myometrium. TCs are cells with very long, distinctive extensions named telopodes (Tps). It is suggested that TCs play a major role in intercellular signaling, as well as in morphogenesis, especially in morphogenetic bioelectrical signaling.

Single-cell transcriptome in the identification of disease biomarkers: opportunities and challenges.

Single cell transcriptome defined as the entire RNA or polyadenylated products of RNA polymerase II on a cell can describe the gene regulation networks responsible for physiological functions, behaviours, and phenotypes in response to signals and microenvironmental changes. Single cell transcriptome/sequencing has the special power to investigate small groups of differentiating cells, circulating tumour cells, or tissue stem cells. A large number of factors may influence the extent of single-cell heterogeneity within a system.

Protein profiling of human lung telocytes and microvascular endothelial cells using iTRAQ quantitative proteomics.

Telocytes (TCs) are described as a particular type of cells of the interstitial space (www.telocytes.com).

Extracellular vesicles from human cardiac progenitor cells inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction.

Aims: Recent evidence suggests that cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) may improve cardiac function after injury. The underlying mechanisms are indirect, but their mediators remain unidentified. Exosomes and other secreted membrane vesicles, hereafter collectively referred to as extracellular vesicles (EVs), act as paracrine signalling mediators.

Phenotypical and ultrastructural features of Oct4-positive cells in the adult mouse lung.

Octamer binding trascription factor 4 (Oct4) is a transcription factor of POU family specifically expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). A role for maintaining pluripotency and self-renewal of ESCs is assigned to Oct4 as a pluripotency marker. Oct4 can also be detected in adult stem cells such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Near-infrared low-level laser stimulation of telocytes from human myometrium.

Telocytes (TCs) are a brand-new cell type frequently observed in the interstitial space of many organs (see www.telocytes.com ).

Differences in the expression of chromosome 1 genes between lung telocytes and other cells: mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, alveolar type II cells, airway epithelial cells and lymphocytes.

Telocytes (TCs) are a unique type of interstitial cells with specific, extremely long prolongations named telopodes (Tps). Our previous study showed that TCs are distinct from fibroblasts (Fbs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as concerns gene expression and proteomics. The present study explores patterns of mouse TC-specific gene profiles on chromosome 1.

Comparative proteomic analysis of human lung telocytes with fibroblasts.

Telocytes (TCs) were recently described as interstitial cells with very long prolongations named telopodes (Tps; www.telocytes.com).

Telocytes and stem cells in limbus and uvea of mouse eye.

The potential of stem cell (SC) therapies for eye diseases is well-recognized. However, the results remain only encouraging as little is known about the mechanisms responsible for eye renewal, regeneration and/or repair. Therefore, it is critical to gain knowledge about the specific tissue environment (niches) where the stem/progenitor cells reside in eye.

Human cardiospheres as a source of multipotent stem and progenitor cells.

Cardiospheres (CSs) are self-assembling multicellular clusters from the cellular outgrowth from cardiac explants cultured in nonadhesive substrates. They contain a core of primitive, proliferating cells, and an outer layer of mesenchymal/stromal cells and differentiating cells that express cardiomyocyte proteins and connexin 43. Because CSs contain both primitive cells and committed progenitors for the three major cell types present in the heart, that is, cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells, and because they are derived from percutaneous endomyocardial biopsies, they represent an attractive cell source for cardiac regeneration.

Telocytes: ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and electrophysiological characteristics in human myometrium.

Telocytes (TCs) have been described in various organs and species (www.telocytes.com) as cells with telopodes (Tps) - very long cellular extensions with an alternation of thin segments (podomers) and dilated portions (podoms).

The international effort: building the bridge for Translational Medicine: Report of the 1st International Conference of Translational Medicine (ICTM).

Background: Supported by the International Society for Translational Medicine (ISTM), Wenzhou Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, the International Conference on Translational Medicine (ICTM) was held on October 22-23, 2011 in Wenzhou, China. Nearly 800 registrants attended the meeting, primarily representing institutes and hospitals in Europe, The United States of America, And Asia, and China. The meeting was chaired and organized by Dr.