Publications by authors named "Laurent-Crawford A"

The progressive loss of CD4 T lymphocytes is one of the hallmarks of HIV infection. The reverse correlation observed in vivo, between plasmatic HIV levels and CD4 T lymphocyte counts, supports the concept that direct HIV-mediated cell death contributes to this depletion. Previously, we and others have demonstrated, in vitro, that interactions between membrane-expressed HIV-envelope glycoprotein complexes and CD4 ecto-molecules are critical to cell killing which occurs mainly by apoptosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • HIV infection causes CD4+ T cells to produce more virus and die through a process called apoptosis, triggered by the interaction of the HIV envelope proteins (gp120-gp41) with the CD4 receptor.
  • Researchers created an experimental model using HeLa cells producing the HIV env gene to show that apoptosis can occur independently of actual HIV infection, requiring the presence of gp120 and gp41 on the cell surface.
  • Mutations in the envelope proteins that disrupt their ability to bind to CD4 or facilitate fusion also prevent apoptosis, highlighting that inducing cell death is a key function of these HIV proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-related isolate, referred to as HIV-2 EHO, has been isolated from an Ivory Coast patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Infection of CD4 expressing cells with this highly infectious virus mediates a cytopathic effect characterized by single-cell killing as a consequence of apoptosis. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the HIV-2 EHO genome revealed a significant degree of divergence of its envelope gene from that of other known HIV-2 strains.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Large quantities of genome-sized viral DNA are detected in the nucleoplasm of CD4+ T cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This unintegrated HIV DNA is in the form of both circular and linear species. Accumulation of such DNA occurs gradually during a 5 day HIV infection and is correlated with the proportion of cells involved in the production of HIV proteins.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The cytopathic effect of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in CD4+ lymphocytes has been shown to be associated with apoptosis or programmed cell death. Using different experimental conditions, we demonstrate here that apoptosis is triggered by cell membrane expression of the mature HIV envelope glycoproteins, gp120-gp41 complex, and their interaction with CD4 receptor molecules. Viral entry alone did not induce apoptosis but virus replication was required in order to produce the gp120-gp41 complex.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The gradual depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes during the development of AIDS may be due, at least in part, to a process referred to as apoptosis. This process involves a Ca2+ dependent nuclear endonuclease that cleaves the chromatin at internucleosomal junctions. In addition, we have recently provided evidence that apoptosis may be responsible not only for the progressive loss of CD4+ T lymphocytes but may be operative in CD8+ T lymphocytes as well.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To analyse serological aspects of systemic autoimmunity in HIV-1-seropositive patients and in individuals at risk for AIDS.

Design And Methods: The reactivity of antibodies in the serum of 100 HIV-1-seropositive patients was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a series of antigens known to be recognized by antibodies from patients with multisystemic autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed-connective tissue disease and Sjögren's syndrome.

Results: High levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies reacting with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), synthetic peptides of ubiquitinated histone H2A, Sm-D antigen, U1-A RNP antigen and 60 kD SSA/Ro antigen were found in 44-95% of HIV-infected patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid referred to as poly(A).poly(U) is a synthetic double-stranded RNA which has been shown to manifest both antitumoral and immunomodulatory activities. Here we used this agent to demonstrate its antiviral activity against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Large amounts of histones, H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, were observed in total extracts of T4 lymphocytes and derived cell lines infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 or type 2. These histones were simply detectable by analysis of crude cellular extracts by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in SDS and staining the proteins with Coomassie blue or by immunoblot assays using specific polyclonal antibodies. The histones were found to be localized in the nucleoplasm, bound to low molecular weight (LMW) DNA in the form of nucleosomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionleoqgvn55m6f0e54kq8n3n67rj4uis6n): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once