A zero-waste process for the management of MSWI fly ashes: production of ordinary Portland cement.

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ashes are hazardous waste since they contain organic pollutants, heavy metals and an important amount of various soluble salts. However their chemical composition is interesting for their valorization in cement production. The objective of this paper is to assess the possibility of MSWI fly ashes reuse as cement raw meal, after pre-treatment, at a laboratory scale.