[White plan and the organisation of emergency response services in France].

The Eemergency plans for outside hospitals (ORSEC) and inside hospitals (white plan) are often linked and must be well structured in order to respond to the tensions created by exceptional health situations. They must be designed, used and updated like toolboxes. How is the chain of care organised? What is the role of the samu (emergency medical assistance service) in the preparation, activation and coordination of the white plan?

[Emergency response plans in France].

Disaster is a risk which health professionals must learn to manage without ever being sure that they will be confronted with it. A health crisis will have potentially significant repercussions within healthcare facilities. Emergency response plans as well as a shared culture enable healthcare workers to face a crisis by being organised.

Hospital preparedness and response in CBRN emergencies: TIER assessment tool.

Introduction: Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) emergencies need particular hospital preparedness and resources availability. Also, specific skills and capabilities are required for efficient response to these types of events. The aim of this study was to develop an assessment tool to evaluate hospital preparedness and response performance with respect to CBRN emergencies.

TIER competency-based training course for the first receivers of CBRN casualties: a European perspective.

Introduction: Education and training are key elements of health system preparedness vis-à-vis chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) emergencies. Medical respondents need sufficient knowledge and skills to manage the human impact of CBRN events.

Objective: The current study was designed to determine which competencies are needed by hospital staff when responding to CBRN emergencies, define educational needs to develop these competencies, and implement a suitable delivery method.