Longitudinal analysis of carotenoid content in preterm human milk.

To describe the variability in carotenoid content of human milk (HM) in mothers of very to extremely low birth weight preterm infants throughout lactation and to explore the relationship between lutein in HM and the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants. We recruited healthy mothers along with their preterm infants that were born at gestational age 24 + 2 to 29 + 6 weeks or with a birth weight under 1500 g and were exclusively breastfed HM. Each participant provided up to 7 HM samples (2-10 ml) on day 0-3 and once a week until 6 weeks.

Maternal Immunization During the Second Trimester with BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine Induces a Robust IgA Response in Human Milk: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The human milk antibody response following maternal immunization with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is important for the protection of the infant during infancy. The vaccine-specific antibody response is still unclear at different stages of human milk production, as are the effects of maternal immunization timing on the robustness of the antibody response.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the antibody response (IgG/IgA/IgM) during various lactation stages and identify the best vaccination timing during pregnancy.

Blood Glucose, Lactate and Platelet Count in Infants with Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation versus Necrotizing Enterocolitis-A Pilot Study.

The incidence of spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) increases up to 10% with decreasing gestational age (GA). We aimed to explore early biomarkers for predicting SIP in preterm infants. In this case-control study, neonates born at ≤34 weeks GA diagnosed with SIP were compared with GA and/or birth-weight-matched neonates diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Human Milk Oligosaccharide Profile across Lactation Stages in Israeli Women-A Prospective Observational Study.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) stimulate the growth of gut commensals, prevent the adhesion of enteropathogens and modulate host immunity. The major factors influencing variations in the HMO profile are polymorphisms in the secretor (Se) or Lewis (Le) gene, which affect the activity of the enzymes fucoslytransferase 2 and 3 (FUT2 and FUT3) that lead to the formation of four major fucosylated and non-fucosylated oligosaccharides (OS). This pilot study aimed to determine the HMO profile of Israeli breastfeeding mothers of 16 term and 4 preterm infants, from a single tertiary center in the Tel Aviv area.

Neonatal outcomes in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes at periviable gestational age.

To examine the outcomes of preterm infants born to women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at periviable gestational age. This is an observational retrospective cohort study analyzing data collected on singleton deliveries complicated by prolonged premature rupture of membranes occurring between 17 and 33 weeks of gestation. Neonatal outcomes including birth weight, Apgar score, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, hearing impairment and mortality were evaluated.

Carbohydrate content of human milk is affected by seasonal variations: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: The influence of seasonal variation upon human milk macronutrient content has not been elucidated. This study aimed to compare the macronutrient content of HM produced by lactating mothers during the winter and the summer seasons.

Study Design: Macronutrient content of colostrum milk samples collected from lactating mothers of healthy term infants between March 2012 and February 2016 was measured by mid-infrared spectroscopy and compared.

The Glycemic Response to Infant Formulas: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Commercial infant formulas attempt to imitate human milk's unique composition. However, lactose-free and milk protein-free formulas are often chosen due to medical reasons or personal preferences. The aim of this study was to determine the glycemic and insulinemic indices of a variety of infant formulas.

Neonatal morbidity among African refugee women in Israel: a case-control study.

Objectives: Reports on neonatal morbidity (NM) among refugees in developed countries remain inconsistent. We aimed to compare NM among infants of African refugees in Israel to the native population based on a large population sample.

Design: A case-control study.

Predictors of functional recovery following surgery for foot drop due to degenerative lumbar disease.

Objective: Surgery for foot drop secondary to lumbar degenerative disease is not always associated with postoperative functional improvement. It is still unclear whether early decompression results in better functional recovery and how soon surgery should be performed. This study aimed to evaluate predicting factors that affect short- and long-term recovery outcomes and to explore the relationship between timing of lumbar decompression and recovery from foot drop in an attempt to identify a cutoff time from symptom onset until decompression for optimal functional improvement.

Aluminum Content of Human Milk and Antiperspirant Use.

Aluminum exposure may originate from numerous sources, including antiperspirants. Aluminum toxicity can cause a wide range of neurological impairments. Infants are exposed to aluminum through human milk (HM), formulas, total-parenteral-nutrition and vaccines.

Tandem Breastfeeding and Human Milk Macronutrients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Tandem breastfeeding is defined as two or more offspring of different ages who are breastfed by their mother at the same time. Breastfeeding during pregnancy and tandem breastfeeding have not been widely investigated.

Research Aim: To determine the influence of tandem breastfeeding on the macronutrient content of human milk.

Changes in macronutrients of human milk after bolus feeding: a simulation study.

Background: Enteral nutrition supply to preterm infants requires feeding through a feeding tube. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in macronutrient composition of human milk (HM) while passing through a gastric feeding tube.

Methods: Simulated real-life practice tube feeding was performed by using an infusion pump connected to a feeding tube.

Significant Loss of Macronutrients During Passage Through Feeding Tube: An Observational Study.

Unlabelled: Feeding infants born before week 34 of gestation is based mainly on providing nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal tract through a nasogastric tube. Little is known about the impact of formulas passage through nasogastric tube on their macronutrient content. The aim of our study was to evaluate changes in macronutrient content of various formulas after transfer through a feeding tube.

The Effect of Infant's Sex on Human Milk Macronutrients Content: An Observational Study.

Sex differences in infant mortality and neonatal morbidity have been previously documented. Few studies, with conflicting results, have investigated the interaction between human milk (HM) macronutrients and energy content and infant sex. To test the null hypothesis that HM macronutrients content will not be affected by infant's sex.

Impact of Maternal Anxiety on Human Milk Macronutrients Content: A Prospective Observational Study.

The impact of maternal anxiety on the macronutrients content of human milk (HM) is unknown. We hypothesized that maternal stress generated by her infant's hospitalization will affect the mother's breast milk's macronutrients content. HM samples (2-3 mL) were collected from 21 mothers whose infants were hospitalized for 2-3 days between August 2016 and November 2017 due to neonatal fever.

Risk factors for readmission for phototherapy due to jaundice in healthy newborns: a retrospective, observational study.

Background: The guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for monitoring neonatal jaundice recommend universal postnatal screening for hyperbilirubinemia within 48 h from discharge. We observed that neonate with low-risk jaundice were more likely to be readmitted to hospital for phototherapy compared to neonate with high-risk jaundice. The aim of this study was to identify additional factors that increase the risk for jaundice-related readmission.

The Effect of Physical Activity on Human Milk Macronutrient Content and Its Volume.

There are multiple health benefits associated with both breastfeeding and practicing physical activity (PA). Therefore, it is likely that many women might want to engage in both. We designed the current randomized clinical trial to examine the effect of moderate- to high-intensity PA on human milk (HM) volume and macronutrient contents.

Effects of maternal aspirin treatment on hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants - pilot study.

Aim: To assess the burden of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hs-PDA) in preterm infants exposed to aspirin .

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 21 preterm infants <34 weeks whose mothers were treated with aspirin during gestation, and were screened for patent ductus arteriosus due to severe respiratory distress syndrome and the need for positive pressure ventilation. These infants were compared to 42 preterm infants born without exposure to aspirin .

Breastfeeding Difficulties, Breastfeeding Duration, Maternal Body Mass Index, and Breast Anatomy: Are They Related?

We examined the influence of maternal body mass index (BMI), and of breast and nipple anatomic variations, on breastfeeding difficulties and duration. In this prospective observational study, we collected demographic and anthropometric data from 109 mothers of full-term newborns. Women were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese using the World Health Organization definitions and were otherwise healthy.

The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on human milk macronutrients content.

Objective: To test the null hypothesis that human milk (HM) macronutrients (fat, lactose, protein) and caloric content in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is similar to that of women without GDM.

Study Design: Sixty-two lactating mothers (31 GDM, 31 no-GDM) were studied after confirmation by 100-g oral glucose tolerance test. Each mother contributed three manually expressed HM samples (within 72 h after labor (colostrum), after 7 days (transitional) and at 14 days (mature)).

Retrospective study showed that bacterial gastroenteritis was an important cause of bloody stools in newborn infants.

Aim: Acute bacterial gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in the developing countries. We examined the incidence, clinical features and outcomes in the first week of life.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of culture-proven bacterial gastroenteritis in newborn infants that were diagnosed between January 2011 and September 2018 in a tertiary centre in Israel.

The Effect of Deep Freezing on Human Milk Macronutrients Content.

Objectives: Long-term storage of human milk (HM) requires freezing at low temperatures, the consequences of which upon macronutrients are unclear. The conflicting results of the few studies on freezing-induced changes on HM macronutrients led to different storage recommendations. We examined differences in macronutrients content of HM after long-term storage at -20°C compared with -80°C.

Electrophysiological monitoring during preoperative angiography to guide decisions regarding permanent occlusion of major radicular arteries in patients undergoing total en bloc spondylectomy.

OBJECTIVE Preoperative embolization is performed before spine tumor surgery when significant intraoperative hemorrhage is anticipated. Occlusion of radicular and segmental arteries may result in spinal ischemia. The goal of this study was to check whether neurophysiological monitoring during preoperative angiography in patients scheduled for total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) of spine tumors improves the safety of vessel occlusion.

A Comparison of Different Minimally Invasive and Open Posterior Spinal Procedures Using Volumetric Measurements of the Surgical Exposures.

Study Design: A Prospective observational study.

Summary Of The Background Data: Minimally invasive (MI) spine surgery techniques strive to minimize the damage to paraspinal soft tissues. Previous studies used only the length of the surgical incision to quantify the invasiveness of certain MI procedures.