Purely entropic self-assembly of the bicontinuous Ia3d gyroid phase in equilibrium hard-pear systems.

We investigate a model of hard pear-shaped particles which forms the bicontinuous Ia[Formula: see text]d structure by entropic self-assembly, extending the previous observations of Barmes (2003 , 021708. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.

Population genetic structure of male black grouse (Tetrao tetrix L.) in fragmented vs. continuous landscapes.

We investigated the association of habitat fragmentation with genetic structure of male black grouse Tetrao tetrix. Using 14 microsatellites, we compared the genetic differentiation of males among nine localities in continuous lowland habitats in Finland to the genetic differentiation among 14 localities in fragmented habitats in the Alps (France, Switzerland and Italy). In both areas, we found significant genetic differentiation.