Adrenal ganglioneuroma.

Background: A 20-year-old man was referred after having been discovered a left adrenal incidentaloma. Characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested the diagnosis of adrenal ganglioneuroma or carcinoma. Pathological examination after adrenalectomy concluded it was an adrenal ganglioneuroma.

High frequency of JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal tumors with smooth muscle differentiation by interphase FISH detection.

The most common cytogenetic alteration observed in low-grade endometrial stromal tumors (EST) is the t(7;17)(p15;q21) translocation, resulting in the fusion of the JAZF1 and JJAZ1 genes. By reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, the translocation has been detected overall in one-third of ESTs, but only rarely in its variants. The purpose of this study was to develop a fluorescence in situ hybridization assay for detection of this translocation using archival paraffin-embedded samples of ESTs with smooth muscle differentiation and to assess the nature of the smooth muscle component of these tumors.

Association between Epstein-Barr virus and Hodgkin's lymphoma in Belgium: a pathological and virological study.

The association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) varies according to the geographic location. In this work we sought to characterize EBV involvement in a series of 111 cHL cases diagnosed in Belgium. The overall prevalence of EBV infection detected by in situ hybridization in Reed-Sternberg cells was 33%.

Cystic nephroma and mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of kidney: a detailed clinicopathologic analysis of 34 cases and proposal for renal epithelial and stromal tumor (REST) as a unifying term.

Cystic nephroma (CN) and mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST) are rare benign renal neoplasms that have overlapping clinical and morphologic features, including predominance in middle-aged women, variably cystic architecture, eosinophilic cells, and hobnail cells lining the cysts and ovarian-type stroma. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the histologic features and immunohistochemical profile of these tumors. We studied 34 cases from 5 large academic institutions.

Identification of specific reachable molecular targets in human breast cancer using a versatile ex vivo proteomic method.

Targeting of tumoral tissues is one of the most promising approaches to improve both the efficacy and safety of anticancer treatments. The identification of valid targets, including proteins specifically and abundantly expressed in cancer lesions, is of utmost importance. Despite state-of-the-art technologies, the discovery of cancer-associated target proteins still faces the limitation, in human tissues, of antigen accessibility to suitable high-affinity ligands such as human mAb bound to bioactive molecules.

The gene expression profile of nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma demonstrates a molecular link between angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and follicular helper T (TFH) cells.

The molecular alterations underlying the pathogenesis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-u) are largely unknown. In order to characterize the ontogeny and molecular differences between both entities, a series of AITLs (n = 18) and PTCLs-u (n = 16) was analyzed using gene expression profiling. Unsupervised clustering correlated with the pathological classification and with CD30 expression in PTCL-u.

Early inflammation in the airways of a cystic fibrosis foetus.

In cystic fibrosis patients, inflammation is often considered to be secondary to chronic infections. In the present study, we show increased levels of pro-inflammatory proteins in the lungs of a cystic fibrosis foetus compared to the lungs of two normal foetuses. Our findings suggest therefore the existence of an early intrinsic pro-inflammatory state in cystic fibrosis airways.

T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma associated with a near-tetraploid karyotype and complex genetic abnormalities.

Cytogenetic data for T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) are scarcely available. We report here a case of THRLBCL with a near-tetraploid karyotype and complex chromosomal aberrations, without rearrangement of BCL2 or BCL6, and characterized pathologically by a variegated morphologic appearance with areas resembling nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma (NLPHL).

Establishment and characterisation of two novel human KSHV- and EBV-negative Burkitt cell lines, GAL-01 and GAL-02, from a primary lymphomatous effusion.

Objectives: Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive mature B-cell neoplasm comprising endemic, sporadic and immunodeficiency-associated variants. Human cell lines constitute a very useful tool to investigate the biology of lymphoid neoplasia. In this study, we succeeded in establishing two human cell lines, GAL-01 and GAL-02, from a HIV-negative patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) -negative sporadic BL presenting as an effusion.

Report of two cases of gastric cancer after bariatric surgery: lymphoma of the bypassed stomach after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) after vertical banded gastroplasty.

We report two new cases of gastric cancer diagnosed after a bariatric operation. The first case is a 66-year-old male who 3 years after gastric bypass suffered from a perforation of the fundus that was found to be secondary to a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the distal stomach. The second case is a 47-year-old woman who presented 12 years after a vertical banded gastroplasty with a gastric pouch outlet obstruction caused by a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

Use of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a new marker of smooth muscle differentiation, in the classification of mesenchymal tumors of the uterus.

Unlabelled: Uterine smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) are usually recognized on the basis of their routine morphologic features; however, their distinction from endometrial stromal tumors (ESTs), the second most common mesenchymal tumor of the uterus, is sometimes problematic. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) were originally identified as nuclear enzymes regulating histone acetylation. We have recently shown that in normal human tissues, HDAC8 is exclusively expressed in the cytoplasm of cells showing smooth muscle differentiation.

Activation of the thromboxane A2 pathway in human prostate cancer correlates with tumor Gleason score and pathologic stage.

Objective: We investigated the potential involvement of the thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) pathway in human prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), TXA(2) synthase (TXS), and TXA(2) receptors (TPRs), the main actors of the TXA(2) pathway, was analyzed on serial tissue sections from 46 human PCa specimens.

Results: The expression levels of COX-2, TXS, and TPRs were significantly higher in malignant than in corresponding nontumoral prostatic epithelial cells.

Raloxifene-induced myeloma cell apoptosis: a study of nuclear factor-kappaB inhibition and gene expression signature.

Because multiple myeloma remains associated with a poor prognosis, novel drugs targeting specific signaling pathways are needed. The efficacy of selective estrogen receptor modulators for the treatment of multiple myeloma is not well documented. In the present report, we studied the antitumor activity of raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, on multiple myeloma cell lines.

Plasmablastic lymphoma in HIV-positive patients: an aggressive Epstein-Barr virus-associated extramedullary plasmacytic neoplasm.

AIDS-associated aggressive B-cell lymphomas often have plasmacytoid features. Plasma cell neoplasms in HIV patients were commonly described to have atypical morphology and an aggressive clinical course in the literature. We reviewed 14 cases of neoplasms with marked plasmacytic differentiation in HIV-positive patients to determine their clinicopathologic features.

Bovine herpesvirus 4 induces apoptosis of human carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo.

The idea of using oncolytic viruses for the treatment of cancers was proposed a century ago. During the last two decades, viruses able to replicate specifically in cancer cells and to induce their lysis were identified and were genetically modified to improve their viro-oncolytic properties. More recently, a new approach consisting of inducing selective apoptosis in cancer cells through viral infection has been proposed; this approach has been called viro-oncoapoptosis.

[Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in central region of Tunisia].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of EBV in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas occuring in non-immunocopromised patients in Tunisia through a series of 126 cases. EBV was investigated by EBER oligonucleotide in situ hybridization (ISH) and LMP1-immunohistochemistry. Serological study of EBV has been performed before therapy in 28 patients.

Germinal center dendritic cells express more ICAM-1 than extrafollicular dendritic cells and ICAM-1/LFA-1 interactions are involved in the capacity of dendritic cells to induce PBMCs proliferation.

Germinal center dendritic cells (GCDCs) have been identified as CD11c(+) CD4(+) CD3(-) cells located in GCs with the ability of inducing marked proliferation of allogenic T cells. Using immunofluorescence techniques, we have observed that this CD11c(+) CD4(+) CD3(-) immunophenotype identified GCDCs but also a subset of extrafollicular DCs. By flow cytometry, we were able to discriminate the GCDCs (CD11c(high) CD4(high) lin(-)) from the other tonsil DCs.

Transmission of an undiagnosed sarcoma to recipients of kidney and liver grafts procured in a non-heart beating donor.

Transmission of an undiagnosed cancer with solid organ transplantation is a rare but dreadful event. In this paper the authors report the transmission of an undiagnosed sarcoma to recipients of kidney and liver grafts procured in a Maastricht category 3 non-heart beating donor. To the authors' knowledge this case is the first report of such a transmission with a liver graft procured in a non-heart beating donor.

NFkappaB activity, function, and target-gene signatures in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes.

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (MLBCL) shares important clinical and molecular features with classic Hodgkin lymphoma, including nuclear localization of the nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) subunit c-REL (reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog) in a pilot series. Herein, we analyzed c-REL subcellular localization in additional primary MLBCLs and characterized NFkappaB activity and function in a MLBCL cell line. The new primary MLBCLs had prominent c-REL nuclear staining, and the MLBCL cell line exhibited high levels of NFkappaB binding activity.

Expression of histone deacetylase 8, a class I histone deacetylase, is restricted to cells showing smooth muscle differentiation in normal human tissues.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) were originally identified as nuclear enzymes involved in gene transcription regulation. Until recently, it was thought that their activity was restricted within the nucleus, with histones as unique substrates. The demonstration that specific HDACs deacetylate nonhistone proteins, such as p53 and alpha-tubulin, broadened the field of activity of these enzymes.

Distinct clonal origin in two cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma variant of Richter's syndrome associated With EBV infection.

Occurrence of an aggressive lymphoma in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), clinically referred to as Richter's syndrome, occasionally manifests as a lymphoproliferation resembling Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and often containing the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Only a limited number of HL variants have been subject to informative analysis regarding their clonal relationship to the CLL, with evidence of a same clonal origin in some cases and of clonally unrelated neoplasms in other cases. In this paper, we performed a detailed pathologic, virologic, and molecular analysis of two cases of Richter's syndrome with HL features.

Pharmacological characterization of N-tert-butyl-N'-[2-(4'-methylphenylamino)-5-nitrobenzenesulfonyl]urea (BM-573), a novel thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist and thromboxane synthase inhibitor in a rat model of arterial thrombosis and its effects on bleeding time.

The present study was undertaken to characterize the antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of BM-573 [N-tert-butyl-N'-[2-(4'-methylphenylamino)-5-nitrobenzenesulfonyl]urea], an original combined thromboxane receptor antagonist and thromboxane synthase inhibitor in rats, and to determine its effects on mice bleeding time. Intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 5 mg/kg BM-573 to rats inhibited U-46619 (9,11-dideoxy-9,11-methanoepoxy-prostaglandin F(2))-induced washed platelet aggregation 30 min and 1, 2, and 4 h after drug administration with a maximum antiplatelet effect observed after 1 and 2 h. In a rat model of thrombosis induced by ferric chloride application on the abdominal aorta, BM-573 significantly reduced the thrombus weight by 92.

Deletion (6)(p22p25) is a recurrent anomaly of thymoma: report of a second case and review of the literature.

A patient with type AB thymoma and del(6)(p22p25) as the sole cytogenetic anomaly is described. This is the second report of a del(6)(p22p25) in a thymoma. The same deletion was previously found in association with a type A thymoma.