Improving Safety in Living Liver Donation: Lessons From Intraoperative Adverse Events in 438 Donors Undergoing a Left Liver Resection.

Background: Donor safety is paramount in living organ donation. Left liver resections are considered safer than right lobe hepatectomies. However, unexpected intraoperative adverse events (iAEs), defined as any deviation from the ideal intraoperative course, can also occur during left liver resections and may be life threatening or lead to postoperative complication or permanent harm to the donor and recipient.

Proposal of early CT morphological criteria for response of liver metastases to systemic treatments in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Alternatives to RECIST.

RECIST 1.1 criteria are commonly used with computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the efficacy of systemic treatments in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and liver metastases (LMs), but their relevance is questioned in this setting. We aimed to explore alternative criteria using different numbers of measured LMs and thresholds of size and density variation.

Development of a New Index to Assess Small Bowel Inflammation Severity in Crohn's Disease Using Magnetic Resonance Enterography.

Background: The severity of small bowel (SB) inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients is a key component of the therapeutic choice. We aimed to develop a SB-CD Magnetic Resonance Enterography (MRE) index of Inflammation Severity (CDMRIS).

Methods: Each gastroenterologist/radiologist pair in 13 centers selected MREs from 6 patients with SB-CD stratified on their perceived MRE inflammation severity.

Limited Performance of Estimated Total Kidney Volume for Follow-up of ADPKD.

Introduction: Total kidney volume (TKV) is a qualified biomarker for disease progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Recent studies suggest that TKV estimated using ellipsoid formula correlates well with TKV measured by manual planimetry (gold standard). We investigated whether the ellipsoid formula could replace manual planimetry for follow-up of ADPKD patients.

Prediction of tumor response and patient outcome after radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma using 90Y-PET-computed tomography dosimetry.

Aim: 90Y-radioembolization using glass or resin microspheres is increasingly used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the prognostic relevance of dosimetric parameters defined with 90Y-PET-CT obtained immediately after radioembolization.

Methods: Forty-five HCC patients, mostly with multiple lesions, were treated by radioembolization between 2011 and 2017.

Prospective comparison of a fast 1.5-T biparametric with the 3.0-T multiparametric ESUR magnetic resonance imaging protocol as a triage test for men at risk of prostate cancer.

Objective: To compare prospectively the diagnostic performance of a biparametric (T2-weighted imaging [T2WI] and diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI]) 1.5-T fast magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) protocol with the standard 3.0-T multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) protocol of the European Society of Urological Imaging (ESUR) in men referred for a prostate biopsy.

Impact of Intraoperative Pancreatoscopy with Intraductal Biopsies on Surgical Management of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas.

Background: Because of its known malignant potential, precise histologic diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) during intraoperative pancreatoscopy (IOP) is essential for complete surgical resection. The impact of IOP on perioperative IPMN patient management was reviewed over 20 years of practice at Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.

Study Design: Among 86 IPMN patients treated by pancreatectomy between 1991 and 2013, 21 patients had a dilated main pancreatic duct enabling IOP and were retrospectively reviewed.

Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Children: Surgical and Immunological Results in 250 Recipients at Université Catholique de Louvain.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) regarding portal vein (PV) reconstruction, ABO compatibility, and impact of maternal donation on graft acceptance.

Background: LDLT and ABO-mismatched transplantation constitute feasible options to alleviate organ shortage in children. Vascular complications of portal hypoplasia in biliary atresia (BA) and acute rejection (AR) are still major concerns in this field.

Hepatocellular adenoma management: call for shared guidelines and multidisciplinary approach.

Hepatocellular adenomas are rare benign nodules developed mainly in women taking oral contraceptives. They are solitary or multiple. Their size is highly variable.

One-step TNM staging of high-risk prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): toward an upfront simplified "all-in-one" imaging approach?

Background: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is the standard for local prostate cancer (PCa) staging. Whole-body MRI (wbMRI) has shown capabilities for metastatic screening. This study assesses the feasibility and value of an all-in-one AJCC TNM staging of PCa during a unique MRI session combining mpMRI and wbMRI.

Diagnosis of cyst infection in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: attributes and limitations of the current modalities.

Cyst infection is a diagnostic challenge in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) because of the lack of specific manifestations and limitations of conventional imaging procedures. Still, recent clinical observations and series have highlighted common criteria for this condition. Cyst infection is diagnosed if confirmed by cyst fluid analysis showing bacteria and neutrophils, and as a probable diagnosis if all four of the following criteria are concomitantly met: temperature of >38°C for >3 days, loin or liver tenderness, C-reactive protein plasma level of >5 mg/dL and no evidence for intracystic bleeding on computed tomography (CT).

Celiac artery occlusive disease: a rare but potentially critical condition in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background/aims: Undiagnosed occlusive disease of celiac trunk and/or superior mesenteric artery may lead to life-threatening complications after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Methodology: Retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of 171 patients scheduled for pancreatico- duodenectomy or total pancreatectomy.

Results: The prevalence of arterial occlusive disease was 5.

Comparison of different methods to quantify future liver remnants after preoperative portal vein embolization to predict postoperative liver failure.

Background/aims: Even though preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE) can lead to hypertrophy of the future liver remnant (FLR) in candidates with small remnant liver prior to anticipated major hepatic resection, quantification of FLR after PVE is important to ensure adequate hepatic reserve in order to avoid postoperative hepatic failure. This study aims to determine the accuracy and reliability of three commonly used FLR quantification methods by correlating their ability to detect postoperative hepatic failure. The role of the degree of liver hypertrophy (DLH) in this context was also explored.

Conservative and operative management of benign solid hepatic tumours: a successful stratified algorithm.

Background: The progress of modern imaging studies has improved the diagnostic approach of benign liver tumours, leading to a tailored approach with increased conservative management.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-two patients suffering from benign hepatic tumours were enrolled in this study, including an operative (group I, 49 patients) and a conservative (group II, 83 patients) management. Patients' tumour and treatment features were analyzed.

The "inside approach of the gallbladder" is an alternative to the classic Calot's triangle dissection for a safe operation in severe cholecystitis.

Background: External dissection of Calot's triangle and the gallbladder associated with complete cholecystectomy is considered the gold standard technique to achieve a safe cholecystectomy. However, in severe acute or chronic cholecystitis, the laparoscopic application of this standard technique may be technically difficult, with an increased risk of bile duct injury, even in the hands of an experienced surgeon.

Methods: In a consecutive series of 552 cholecystectomies, 39 patients (7.

Transvascular and interstitial transport in rat hepatocellular carcinomas: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI assessment with low- and high-molecular weight agents.

Purpose: To assess which MRI-derived kinetic parameters reflect decreased transvascular and interstitial transport when low- and high-molecular-weight agents are used in rat hepatocellular carcinomas.

Materials And Methods: Dynamic MRI after injection of a low-molecular-weight contrast agent of 0.56 kDa (Gd-DOTA, gadoterate) and two high-molecular-weight contrast agents of 6.

Magnetic resonance elastography for the noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis.

Background & Aims: The purpose of our study was to prospectively compare the success rate and diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance elastography, ultrasound elastography, and aspartate aminotransferase to platelets ratio index (APRI) measurements for the noninvasive staging of fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.

Methods: We performed a prospective blind comparison of magnetic resonance elastography, ultrasound elastography, and APRI in a consecutive series of patients who underwent liver biopsy for chronic liver disease in a university-based hospital. Histopathologic staging of liver fibrosis according to the METAVIR scoring system served as the reference.

Prognostic risk factors of survival after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/aims: Surgical resection is a standard treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, but liver cirrhosis is known to be associated to a high tumor recurrence rate.

Methodology: A retrospective study of 55 consecutive patients (37 males, 18 females) suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma having undergone surgical resection. Hepatocellular carcinoma developed in 29 patients with normal liver (group A) and in 26 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) (group B).

Hepatic viscoelastic parameters measured with MR elastography: correlations with quantitative analysis of liver fibrosis in the rat.

Purpose: To determine the correlations between the viscoelastic parameters of the liver measured with in vivo MR elastography and quantitative analysis of liver fibrosis.

Materials And Methods: MR elastography of the liver was performed in 10 rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by intraperitoneal carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) injections and five normal rats. Longitudinal waves of 200 MHz were transmitted into the liver with a mechanical transducer.