segcsvd: A Convolutional Neural Network-Based Tool for Quantifying White Matter Hyperintensities in Heterogeneous Patient Cohorts.

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin are a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). WMH are associated with cognitive decline and increased risk of stroke and dementia, and are commonly observed in aging, vascular cognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative diseases. The reliable and rapid measurement of WMH in large-scale multisite clinical studies with heterogeneous patient populations remains challenging, where the diversity of imaging characteristics across studies adds additional complexity to this task.

Addressing Bias in the Occupational Therapy Admissions Process.

This study investigated the impact of a workshop in reducing unconscious bias in admissions committee members of an occupational therapy program to determine if workshop participation increased the number of underrepresented students in the program. A convenience sample of 50 committee members was used. A Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test indicated a significant increase in the post-test survey question scores.

Theory Is Essential in Promoting the Distinct Value of Occupational Therapy in Rehabilitation of Adults With Low Vision: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Evidence for occupational therapy interventions should be grounded in theory to support practitioners' role in the rehabilitation of adults with low vision.

Objective: To analyze the content of publications on interventions for adults with low vision to determine theories proposed or used to guide interventions and to categorize their level of evidence.

Data Sources: CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase.

Shorter Is Better: The α-(l)-Threofuranosyl Nucleic Acid Modification Improves Stability, Potency, Safety, and Ago2 Binding and Mitigates Off-Target Effects of Small Interfering RNAs.

Chemical modifications are necessary to ensure the metabolic stability and efficacy of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics. Here, we describe analyses of the α-(l)-threofuranosyl nucleic acid (TNA) modification, which has a shorter 3'-2' internucleotide linkage than the natural DNA and RNA, in the context of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The TNA modification enhanced nuclease resistance more than 2'--methyl or 2'-fluoro ribose modifications.

Nutrition-Related Information Shared by Latine Influencers: A YouTube Content Analysis.

Latines are the fastest growing populace in the United States. Latine is a new, inclusive term for Hispanic and Latino populations regardless of gender identity. When compared with non-Latine counterparts, Latines have higher prevalence rates of obesity, diabetes, chronic liver disease, and kidney disease, which are associated with poor dietary behaviors.

siRNAs containing 2'-fluorinated Northern-methanocarbacyclic (2'-F-NMC) nucleotides: in vitro and in vivo RNAi activity and inability of mitochondrial polymerases to incorporate 2'-F-NMC NTPs.

We recently reported the synthesis of 2'-fluorinated Northern-methanocarbacyclic (2'-F-NMC) nucleotides, which are based on a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane scaffold.

Platform for quantitative multiscale imaging of tissue composition.

Changes in the multi-level physical structure of biological features going from cellular to tissue level composition is a key factor in many major diseases. However, we are only beginning to understand the role of these structural changes because there are few dedicated multiscale imaging platforms with sensitivity at both the cellular and macrostructural spatial scale. A single platform reduces bias and complications from multiple sample preparation methods and can ease image registration.

Does regional diversity recover after disturbance? A field experiment in constructed ponds.

The effects of disturbance on local species diversity have been well documented, but less recognized is the possibility that disturbances can alter diversity at regional spatial scales. Since regional diversity can dictate which species are available for recolonization of degraded sites, the loss of diversity at regional scales may impede the recovery of biodiversity following a disturbance. To examine this we used a chemical disturbance of rotenone, a piscicide commonly used for fish removal in aquatic habitats, on small fishless freshwater ponds.

pH effects on molecular adsorption and solvation of p-nitrophenol at silica/aqueous interfaces.

Resonance-enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG) was used to examine the effects of solution pH and surface charge on para-nitrophenol (pNP) adsorption to silica/aqueous interfaces. During the early stages of monolayer formation, SHG spectra of interfacial pNP showed a single resonant excitation wavelength at approximately 313 nm regardless of solution pH. This resonance wavelength of adsorbed species is lower than the 318 nm excitation maximum of pNP in bulk aqueous solution.

Liquid organization and solvation properties at polar solid/liquid interfaces.

Second order nonlinear optical spectroscopy has been employed to examine the organization of four different liquids at the hydrophilic silica/liquid interface. The liquids - cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol - were chosen to isolate how intermolecular forces between the liquid and the substrate competed with steric effects to control liquid structure and solvating properties across the interfacial region. Vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) data showed that cyclohexane structure at the silica/liquid cyclohexane interface closely resembled the structure of a cyclohexane monolayer adsorbed to the silica/vapor interface.

Polymer chain organization in tensile-stretched poly(ethylene oxide)-based polymer electrolytes.

Polymer chain orientation in tensile-stretched poly(ethylene oxide)-lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate polymer electrolytes are investigated with polarized infrared spectroscopy as a function of the degree of strain and salt composition (ether oxygen atom to lithium ion ratios of 20:1, 15:1, and 10:1). The 1359 and 1352 cm(-1) bands are used to probe the crystalline PEO and P(EO)(3)LiCF(3)SO(3) domains, respectively, allowing a direct comparison of chain orientation for the two phases. Two-dimensional correlation FT-IR spectroscopy indicates that the two crystalline domains align at the same rate as the polymer electrolytes are stretched.

Identification and characterization of native proteins of Escherichia coli BL-21 that display affinity towards Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography and Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography Matrices.

The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize Escherichia coli proteins which display affinity towards both Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography (IMAC) and Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC). Co(II) IMAC was chosen as the primary capture step, followed by HIC employing different concentrations of salt to promote adsorption. Results provided insight on this rather small pool of E.