A comparison of clinical, utilization, and cost outcomes between oral treatments for multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects nearly 1 million people in the United States and causes significant disability and economic loss. Among the first available oral MS treatment options, clinical outcome comparisons and associated health care resource utilization are not clearly defined.

Objective: To compare MS outcomes, health care resource utilization, and relative costs across treatment with dimethyl fumarate (DMF), fingolimod (FG), or teriflunomide (TERI) among Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug (MAPD) plan and commercially insured beneficiaries.

HIV preexposure prophylaxis treatment patterns in a national health plan population.

Background: Medication nonadherence diminishes the benefits of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the 1.2 million Americans at risk for HIV exposure.

Objective: To describe HIV PrEP treatment patterns among Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug (MAPD) plan and commercially insured beneficiaries.

Mammographic Screening in Routine Practice: Multisite Study of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Digital Mammography Screenings.

Background The use of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is increasing over digital mammography (DM) following studies demonstrating lower recall rates (RRs) and higher cancer detection rates (CDRs). However, inconsistent interpretation of evidence on the risks and benefits of mammography has resulted in varying screening mammography recommendations. Purpose To evaluate screening outcomes among women in the United States who underwent routine DM or DBT mammographic screening.

Isolation and characterization of a californium metallocene.

Californium (Cf) is currently the heaviest element accessible above microgram quantities. Cf isotopes impose severe experimental challenges due to their scarcity and radiological hazards. Consequently, chemical secrets ranging from the accessibility of 5f/6d valence orbitals to engage in bonding, the role of spin-orbit coupling in electronic structure, and reactivity patterns compared to other f elements, remain locked.

Assessment of a Claims-Based ICD-9 and ICD-10 Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Algorithm in the United States.

Purpose: Medication-related osteonecrosis of jaw (MRONJ) is associated with certain drug therapies. Pharmacoepidemiologic studies often rely on electronic healthcare data to assess adverse events following drug exposure. Few studies have developed and validated claims-based MRONJ identification algorithms.

Expanding the Nonaqueous Chemistry of Neptunium: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of [Np(NR)Cl], [Np(NR)Cl], and [Np{(R)(SiMeH)}(NR)] (R = SiMe).

Reaction of 3 equiv of NaNR (R = SiMe) with NpCl(DME) in THF afforded the Np(IV) silylamide complex, [Np(NR)Cl] (), in good yield. Reaction of with 1.5 equiv of KC in THF, in the presence of 1 equiv of dibenzo-18-crown-6, resulted in formation of [{K(DB-18-C-6)(THF)}(μ-Cl)][Np(NR)Cl] (), also in good yield.

Structural and Spectroscopic Comparison of Soft-Se vs. Hard-O Donor Bonding in Trivalent Americium/Neodymium Molecules.

Covalency is often considered to be an influential factor in driving An vs. Ln selectivity invoked by soft donor ligands. This is intensely debated, particularly the extent to which An /Ln covalency differences prevail and manifest as the f-block is traversed, and the effects of periodic breaks beyond Pu.

Synthesis and Characterization of the {Si(NHCHCHNH)[Mo(CO)]} Complex Comprising the Si(NHCHCHNH) Octahedron.

Reactions of KSi with the low-valent transition-metal complex Mo(CO)(CH) in ethylenediamine/toluene solutions in the presence of 2,2,2-cryptand yield the {Si(NHCHCHNH)[Mo(CO)]} dianion, which contains an octahedral Si(NHCHCHNH) subunit. The SiN core comprises a rare example of a doubly deprotonated ethylenediame ligand in a coordination complex and is also the first structurally characterized example of a homoleptic Si(N∩N) trischelate. Its structure and spectroscopic properties are described.

Students report more positive attitudes toward older adults following an interprofessional service-learning course.

The aim of this study was to assess undergraduate students' perceptions of older adults over the semester in an interprofessional service-learning course that implemented a health promotion program called Bingocize® at community facilities for older adults. Students were surveyed at the beginning of the semester, at midterm, and at the conclusion of the course. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected to assess the students' perceptions and experiences.

Mechanistic Studies of [AlCp*] Combustion.

The combustion mechanism of [AlCp*] (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl), a ligated aluminum(I) cluster, was studied by a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. Two complementary experimental methods, temperature-programmed reaction and T-jump time-of-flight mass spectrometry, were used to investigate the decomposition behaviors of [AlCp*] in both anaerobic and oxidative environments, revealing AlCp* and AlOCp* to be the major decomposition products. The observed product distribution and reaction pathways are consistent with the prediction from molecular dynamics simulations and static density functional theory calculations.

Sb@Ni@Sb and Sb@Pd@Sb Cluster Anions, Where n = +1, -1, -3, -4: Multi-Oxidation-State Clusters of Interpenetrating Platonic Solids.

KSb and KSb Zintl ion precursors react with Pd(PPh) in ethylenediamine/toluene/PBu solutions to give crystals of Sb@Pd@Sb/PBu salts, where n = 3, 4. The clusters are structurally identical in the two charge states, with nearly perfect I point symmetry, and can be viewed as an Sb@Pd icosahedron centered inside of an Sb dodecahedron. The metric parameters suggest very weak Sb-Sb and Pd-Pd interactions with strong radial Sb-Pd bonds between the Sb and Pd shells.