Preventable Emergency Department Utilization Among Patients With Foster Care History Compared to Patients Without Foster Care History.

Emergency department (ED) utilization for preventable reasons by patients with foster care history is unexplored. Medical records of ED encounters from primary care patients were pulled from a southwestern children's hospital system. Necessity of ED encounter was categorized using the New York University- ED Algorithm into emergent, intermediate, or non-emergent.

Child maltreatment and behavioral health outcomes in child welfare: Exploring the roles of severity and polyvictimization.

Background: Child maltreatment and polyvictimization are known risk factors for long-term detrimental health and development outcomes, including behavioral health challenges. However, effects from specific types and combinations of maltreatments are unclear. This study examined the association between maltreatment or polyvictimization and behavioral health in a child welfare sample.

Epidemiological analysis of fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries occurring in gun establishments in the United States, 2015-2022.

Background: Firearm-related injury represents a significant public health problem in the USA. Firearm purchasing has risen nationwide and there has been increased efforts to deploy injury prevention initiatives within gun establishments. However, firearm-related risks and harms that may occur inside these high-exposure settings are not well characterized.

Toward Tailored and Targeted Communication for the Promotion of Firearm Safety: A Qualitative Study With Firearm Retailers.

Firearm injury is a major yet understudied public health issue in the U.S. This qualitative study explored firearm retailers' perspectives to inform messaging and communication approaches to promote firearm safety among the gun owning population.

Family-based pediatric weight management interventions in US primary care settings targeting children ages 6-12 years old: A systematic review guided by the RE-AIM framework.

Obesity is a pandemic that disproportionately affects children from vulnerable populations in the USA. Current treatment approaches in primary care settings in the USA have been reported to be insufficient at managing pediatric obesity, primarily due to implementation challenges for healthcare systems and barriers for families. While the literature has examined the efficacy of pediatric obesity interventions focused on internal validity, it lacks sufficient reporting and analysis of external validity necessary for successful translation to primary care settings.

Mental Health Disorders and Psychotropic Medication: Prevalence and Related Characteristics Among Individuals in Foster Care.

Unlabelled: This study sought to provide prevalence data for mental health (MH) diagnoses and psychotropic medication prescriptions among individuals in foster care and to examine their relationships with physical health status, maltreatment type, placement type, and demographic variables. Data were retrieved from electronic health records for 3,067 patients seen at integrated pediatric primary care clinics serving individuals in care. Descriptive and bivariate statistics for presence of MH diagnoses and psychotropic medication prescription were calculated.

Healthcare utilization among children with a history of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome: A matched cohort study.

Objectives: Compare longitudinal healthcare utilization patterns in children with and without a history of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).

Study Design: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted using billing data extracted from between 2003 and 2016 in North Texas hospitals. The sample included 595 pediatric patients diagnosed with NOWS (i.

Identifying Children at Risk for Maltreatment Using Emergency Medical Services' Data: An Exploratory Study.

The objective of this study was to use natural language processing to query Emergency Medical Services (EMS) electronic health records (EHRs) to identify variables associated with child maltreatment. We hypothesized the variables identified would show an association between the Emergency Medical Services encounter and risk of a children maltreatment report. This study is a retrospective cohort study of children with an EMS encounter from 1/1/11-12/31/18.

Description of Audiologic, Developmental, Ophthalmologic, and Neurologic Diagnoses at a Primary Care Clinic for Children in Foster Care.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of medically diagnosed audiologic, developmental, ophthalmologic, and neurologic conditions in a foster care primary care clinic and to identify any associations among these diagnoses and patient characteristics, placement type, and maltreatment type.

Methods: This study used the electronic medical records for patients (n = 4977), aged 0 to 20 years, with at least 1 visit to an academic-affiliated medical center primary care clinic exclusively serving children in foster care between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. This study was a retrospective chart review.

Paediatric integrated care in the primary care setting: A scoping review of populations served, models used and outcomes measured.

Background: Paediatric integrated care (PIC), which involves primary care and behavioural health clinicians working together with patients and families, has been promoted as a best practice in the provision of care. In this context, behavioural health includes behavioural elements in the care of mental health and substance abuse conditions, chronic illness and physical symptoms associated with stress, and addressing health behaviours. Models of and contexts in which PIC has been applied vary, as do the outcomes and measures used to determine its value.

The relationship between emergency medical services use and social service needs in a pediatric emergency department population.

Background: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) use for children is correlated with areas of resource deprivation as well as child maltreatment. Households using EMS may have more social needs and be willing to accept services.

Objective: To compare social service needs and willingness to accept services in families arriving to a pediatric emergency department (ED) via EMS vs non-EMS, before and during COVID-19.

Acceptability of a real-time notification of stress and access to self-help therapies among law enforcement officers.

Background: Law enforcement officers (LEOs) are exposed to chronic stress throughout the course of their shift, which increases the risk of adverse events. Although there have been studies targeting LEO safety through enhanced training or expanded equipment provisions, there has been little attempt to leverage personal technology in the field to provide real-time notification of LEO stress. This study tests the acceptability of implementing of a brief, smart watch intervention to alleviate stress among LEOs.

United States emergency department visits for children with cerebrospinal fluid shunts.

Objective: CSF shunt placement is the primary therapy for hydrocephalus; however, shunt malfunctions remain common and lead to neurological deficits if missed. There is a lack of literature characterizing the epidemiology of children with possible shunt malfunctions presenting to United States emergency departments (EDs).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of the 2006-2017 National Emergency Department Sample.

Roll up the tape? Laser and optical technologies improve paediatric weight estimation.

Background: A robust estimation method is needed to prevent medication dosing and equipment sizing errors and improve time to administration during paediatric resuscitation. An electronic measurement with computer interface may improve accuracy and alleviate cognitive burden. This study evaluates the accuracy of two electronic height measurement methods, a laser and an optical device, and compares them to the Broselow™ Pediatric Emergency Tape (BT) for weight estimation.

Test Accuracy of the Screening Tool for Early Predictors of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder for Post-injury Mental Health in a Managed-Medicaid Population.

Objective: To determine the Screening Tool for Early Predictors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (STEPP) test accuracy in identifying children with new mental health diagnoses and psychotropic medications prescribed within 12 months after unintentional injuries in a managed-Medicaid population.

Study Design: We conducted a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort that investigated mental health diagnoses and psychotropic medications pre- and post-injury in children ≤18 years of age treated at a pediatric trauma center from 2005 to 2015 (n = 2208). For this study, we analyzed children with STEPP scores from their injury admission (n = 85).

Emergency Call Characteristics and EMS Dispatcher Protocol Adherence for Possible Anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency requiring prompt recognition and treatment with intramuscular epinephrine to optimize outcomes. To date, there is a paucity of data regarding the demographic characteristics of the subset of patients calling 9-1-1 for allergic reactions and the emergency medical services (EMS) dispatcher's adherence to national protocols for their response to a suspected allergic reaction. We conducted a retrospective review of dispatch calls to a local municipality that were dispatched with an impression of an "allergic reaction" or "difficulty breathing related to a suspected allergic reaction" from January 2016 to June 2016.