Factors affecting adherence to intranasal treatment for allergic rhinitis: A qualitative study.

Objective: To determine the facilitators of and barriers to adherence to use of intranasal pharmacotherapy (daily intranasal corticosteroids and/or antihistamine, and nasal saline irrigation [NSI]), for allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods: Patients were recruited from an academic tertiary care rhinology and allergy clinic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted after the initial visit and/or 4-6 weeks following treatment.

Radiation-Associated Sarcoma of the Head and Neck: Incidence, Latency, and Survival.

Objectives/hypothesis: Radiation-associated sarcomas of the head and neck (RASHN) are known but rare sequelae after radiation for squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to characterize RASHN, estimate the risk of RASHN in head and neck squamous cell patients after therapeutic radiation, and compare their survival to that of patients with de novo sarcomas of the head and neck (dnSHN).

Study Design: Retrospective database analysis.

Survival outcomes for head and neck patients with Medicaid: A health insurance paradox.

Purpose: Privately insured patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) typically have better outcomes; however, differential outcome among Medicaid versus the uninsured is unclear. We aimed to describe outcome disparities among HNC patients uninsured versus on Medicaid.

Methods: A cohort of 18-64-year-old adults (n = 57 920) with index HNC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database (2007-2015) was analyzed using Fine and Gray multivariable competing risks proportional hazards models for HNC-specific mortality.

Pediatric Post-Tonsillectomy Opioid Prescribing Practices.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of discharge order sets on prescribing patterns of opioids after pediatric tonsillectomy. Secondary outcomes included encounters for postoperative pain, dehydration, and bleeding.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of pre- and post-intervention in pediatric post-tonsillectomy patients, 0-18 years old (n = 1486).

The Current State of the Otolaryngology Workforce.

A shortage of otolaryngologists is predicted for the coming decades, primarily because of an aging population and aging workforce. However, many factors affect the agility of the workforce to expand or contract. This article discusses what is known about factors of the current otolaryngology workforce, including trends in residency and fellowship training, diversity of the specialty, its geographic distribution, and the challenges of caring for an aging population.

What's Love Got to do with it? Marital status and survival of head and neck cancer.

Objective: To determine whether marital status independently predicts survival in a head and neck cancer (HNC) survivor population.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analysed data from 460 adult patients (59.31 ± 11.

Impact of gender on the association between marital status and head and neck cancer outcomes.

Objectives: To determine whether the impact of marital status on head and neck cancer (HNC) outcomes vary by gender.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database from 2007 to 2014 was queried for eligible cases of HNC (n = 71,799). An interaction term (gender*marital status) was tested for each outcome of interest (cancer-specific survival, stage of presentation, adequate treatment), and when significant (p < 0.

Demographic predictors of head and neck cancer survival differ in the elderly.

Objectives/hypothesis: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis strongly correlates with demographic factors. This study aimed to determine whether demographic predictors of HNSCC survival differ between age cohorts, with an emphasis on the growing elderly demographic.

Study Design: Outcomes research.

Oncologic and functional outcomes of pretreatment tracheotomy in advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A multi-institutional analysis.

Objectives: Describe the influence of pretreatment tracheotomy and treatment modality (surgical versus non-surgical) on oncologic and functional outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study of previously untreated advanced-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients at two academic tertiary care institutions from 1995 to 2014.

Results: Primary outcomes evaluated were disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and overall survival of pretreatment tracheotomy versus no pretreatment tracheotomy cohorts.

Decreased cancer-independent life expectancy in the head and neck cancer population.

Background: Aside from cancer mortality, patients with head and neck cancer have increased mortality risk. Identifying patients with the greatest loss of cancer-independent life expectancy can guide comprehensive survivorship programs.

Methods: Age-based survival data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database for patients with head and neck cancer were censored for mortality from the index cancer.

Prior intense exercise reduces arterial carbon dioxide pressure in extreme obesity.

Purpose: Unlike normal weight individuals, individuals with extreme obesity do not show a decrease in arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO₂) from rest to peak exercise. This indicates that breathing is compromised. The objective of this study was to determine if prior high intensity exercise lowers PaCO₂ in comparison with a first bout, normalized for the same metabolic rate.

Dynamic vs. fixed bag filling: impact on cardiac output rebreathing protocol.

The purpose of this study was to compare the repeatability (2.77 multiplied by the within-subject SD)between two different rebreathing protocols on cardiac output ( ˙Q ), pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and nitric oxide (DLNO), and pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc). This study compared two bag volume protocols [Fixed Bag Volume (FBV) = bag volume fixed at 60% of forced vital capacity; Dynamic Bag Volume (DBV) = bag volume matched to tidal volume at each stage of exercise].

Bisphosphonate inhibition of a Plasmodium farnesyl diphosphate synthase and a general method for predicting cell-based activity from enzyme data.

We screened 26 bisphosphonates against a farnesyl diphosphate synthase from Plasmodium vivax, finding a poor correlation between enzyme and cell growth inhibition (R(2) = 0.06). To better predict cell activity data, we then used a combinatorial descriptor search in which pIC(50)(cell) = a pIC(50)(enzyme) + bB + cC + d, where B and C are descriptors (such as SlogP), and a-d are coefficients.