Missing and dismissing the impact of periods. Outcomes of focus groups of teens with period concerns.

Background: Despite a high prevalence, menstrual issues are often normalised or trivialised and undermanaged in young people (YP). Uncontrolled dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstrual bleeding have a vastly negative impact on the quality of life of YP, especially when these issues are compounded by the social and emotional complexities of navigating adolescence.

Objectives: The Longitudinal Study of Teens with Endometriosis, Period and Pelvic Pain (LongSTEPPP) project is a 5-year study aiming to understand factors that contribute to endometriosis, period and pelvic pain in YP and to examine long-term outcomes.

Pain after vaginal prolapse repair surgery with mesh is a post-surgical neuropathy which needs to be treated - and can possibly be prevented in some cases.

Post-surgical neuropathy leading to chronic pain is a recognised complication. It also can occur after surgery for pelvic organ prolapse repair involving mesh. Post-surgical neuropathy needs to be identified and properly treated to minimise the occurrence of chronic pain.

Sacral neuromodulation for pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction: A case series.

Background: The use of neuromodulation is growing and it is an established therapy for conditions such as bladder dysfunction. It is an increasingly used therapy for the management of chronic perineal pain but little research is currently available looking at its efficacy.

Aim: We present a series of 52 patients who underwent placement of a neuromodulator, the majority of whom suffered from perineal pain, with most placements via the sacral hiatus.

Peripheral intravenous catheter insertion in the Emergency Department.

Background: Growing research suggests that a large number of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) inserted in the Emergency Department (ED) are unused. The aim of this study was to assess the proportion of unused ED inserted PIVCs in a before-and-after interventional study. Additional aims were to ascertain indications for PIVC insertion in the ED and to increase the appropriateness of PIVC insertion.

Ultrasound of ovarian dermoids - sonographic findings of a dermoid cyst in a 41-year-old woman with an elevated serum hCG.

Ovarian dermoid cysts are made up of solid, cystic and fat tissue. These components give rise to characteristic sonographic features such as a fat-fluid level, dermoid mesh and tip of the iceberg sign. The presence of two or more of these typical features can be used to confidently diagnose a dermoid cyst on ultrasound.