The effect of pre-exercise protein intake on substrate metabolism, energy expenditure, and energy intake: a dose-response study.

Background: Pre-exercise protein consumption does not seem to influence substrate metabolism during exercise compared to fasted exercise, however it is unclear if the protein dose impacts on this effect.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded within-subject design trial, healthy, active males and females ( = 15, 25 ± 5 yrs, O2peak: 47.5 ± 8.