Factors Associated with Mental Health Service Use Among Children with ADHD from Adolescence to Early Adulthood.

Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common and is associated with lifelong adverse outcomes. Little is known about factors associated with mental health service use (MHSU) among children with ADHD from adolescence to early adulthood. This retrospective cohort study aims to investigate factors associated with MHSU among children with ADHD from adolescence to early adulthood using secondary data from Waves I to III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 554).

Associations between Changes in Exposure to Air Pollutants due to Relocation and the Incidence of 14 Major Disease Categories and All-Cause Mortality: A Natural Experiment Study.

Background: Though observational studies have widely linked air pollution exposure to various chronic diseases, evidence comparing different exposures in the same people is limited. This study examined associations between changes in air pollution exposure due to relocation and the incidence and mortality of 14 major diseases.

Methods: We included 50,522 participants enrolled in the UK Biobank from 2006 to 2010.

Assessing classroom and laboratory spread of COVID-19 in a university after elimination of physical distancing.

The objective of this study was to assess COVID-19 classroom transmission in the university setting when physical distancing was eliminated. Data was collected in fall 2021 at a private university. Universal masking, robust contact tracing, vaccination requirement, and enforced testing were in place.

Efficacy of Postpartum Pharmacologic Thromboprophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacologic venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in postpartum patients.

Data Sources: On February 21, 2022, a literature search was conducted on Embase.com , Ovid-Medline All, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.

Ambient air pollution associated with incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: A multi-state analysis of a prospective cohort.

Background: Previous studies on the association between ambient air pollution and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) focused on a single disease, without considering cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and the progression trajectory of CMDs.

Methods: Based on the UK Biobank cohort, we included 372,530 participants aged 37-73 years at baseline (2006-2010) with follow-up until September 2021. Incident CMDs cases were identified based on self-reported information and multiple health-related records in the UK Biobank.

Barriers to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among young adults, aged 18-35.

In the United States (US), an estimated 35,900 human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers are diagnosed annually. HPV vaccines are projected to eliminate ∼90% of these cancers. Routine vaccination is recommended at age 11-12 with "catch-up" vaccination through age 26 and shared clinical decision making for ages 27-45.

Ambient air pollution, lifestyle, and genetic predisposition associated with type 2 diabetes: findings from a national prospective cohort study.

Background: The combined effects of ambient air pollution, lifestyle, and genetic predisposition on incident Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) have not been well documented.

Methods: A total of 263,733 participants without T2D at baseline were identified from the UK Biobank. Annual concentrations of five air pollutants were estimated using Land Use Regression, while a healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was constructed using 7 major lifestyle factors, and polygenic risk score (PRS) was generated using 73 genetic variants.

Interactive effects of cold spell and air pollution on outpatient visits for anxiety in three subtropical Chinese cities.

Background: Although low temperature and air pollution exposures have been associated with the risk of anxiety, their combined effects remain unclear.

Objective: To investigate the independent and interactive effects of low temperature and air pollution exposures on anxiety.

Method: Using a case-crossover study design, the authors collected data from 101,636 outpatient visits due to anxiety in three subtropical Chinese cities during the cold season (November to April in 2013 through 2018), and then built conditional logistic regression models based on individual exposure assessments [temperature, relative humidity, particulate matter (PM, PM), sulfur dioxide (SO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO)] and twelve cold spell definitions.

SARS-CoV-2 Transmission to Masked and Unmasked Close Contacts of University Students with COVID-19 - St. Louis, Missouri, January-May 2021.

Universities open for in-person instruction during the 2020-21 academic year implemented a range of prevention strategies to limit the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, including physical distancing, mask use, vaccination, contact tracing, case investigation, and quarantine protocols (1). However, in some academic programs, such as health-related programs, aviation, and kindergarten through grade 12 (K-12) education, maintaining physical distance while still providing instruction is difficult; for universities with such programs, a single confirmed case of COVID-19 could result in a large number of students, staff members, and instructors being designated close contacts and requiring quarantine if they are not fully vaccinated, even if masks were worn when contact occurred. In January 2021, the St.

Ambient air pollution and low temperature associated with case fatality of COVID-19: A nationwide retrospective cohort study in China.

The evidence for the effects of environmental factors on COVID-19 case fatality remains controversial, and it is crucial to understand the role of preventable environmental factors in driving COVID-19 fatality. We thus conducted a nationwide cohort study to estimate the effects of environmental factors (temperature, particulate matter [PM, PM], sulfur dioxide [SO], nitrogen dioxide [NO], and ozone [O]) on COVID-19 case fatality. A total of 71,808 confirmed COVID-19 cases were identified and followed up for their vital status through April 25, 2020.

Using multilevel regression with poststratification to obtain regional health estimates from a Facebook-recruited sample.

Purpose: We assess the effectiveness of multilevel regression with poststratification (MRP) as a tool to mitigate selection bias from online surveys of small geographical regions.

Methods: We collected self-reported health information from an Internet-based sample of adults residing within the St. Louis, MO, metropolitan area in 2017.

Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Oral Health Among Women in the United States: Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively impact physical and mental health. There is a paucity of research examining the impact of ACEs on oral health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to better understand how ACEs may impact oral health utilizing a nationally representative sample of females.

Smoking Cessation and Pregnancy: Timing of Cessation Reduces or Eliminates the Effect on Low Birth Weight.

Background: Women who smoke cigarettes while pregnant are at elevated risk of having low birth weight infants (LBW, < 2500 g) which increases risks of infant mortality and morbidity, including chronic conditions later in life.

Objective: Smoking cessation during pregnancy can reduce the risk of poor birth outcomes. However, the effect that timing of smoking cessation has on the reduction of poor birth outcomes in term pregnancies is unknown.

Patients' self-reported barriers to colon cancer screening in federally qualified health center settings.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Despite evidence that screening reduces CRC incidence and mortality, only about 60% of age-eligible adults are up-to-date on CRC screening. This analysis aims to identify self-reported barriers to CRC screening among patients in a safety-net healthcare setting.

Racial disparities in U.S. maternal influenza vaccine uptake: Results from analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data, 2012-2015.

Background: Pregnant women are at increased risk of hospitalization, serious complications, poor pregnancy outcomes, and mortality from influenza. Prior research suggests that there are racial/ethnic disparities in vaccination coverage and that a healthcare provider vaccination recommendation is associated with significantly higher vaccine uptake than without such a recommendation. The purpose of this study is to examine racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare providers' recommendations for pregnant women to receive the influenza vaccine and in vaccine uptake.

Obtaining contextually relevant geographic data using Facebook recruitment in public health studies.

Introduction: Online participant recruitment for public health research studies has increased dramatically in recent years, particularly as traditional recruitment strategies have waned in efficiency. The emergence of e-epidemiology offers possibilities for reaching understudied populations as well as conducting large-scale studies.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey focused on self-reported neighborhood characteristics, perceived stress, and feasibility of obtaining work/residential addresses via online recruitment in St.

Estimating the Excess Mortality Risk during Two Red Alert Periods in Beijing, China.

The magnitude of excess mortality risk due to exposures to heavy air pollution during the red alert periods in Beijing remains unknown. A health impact assessment tool combined with the PM-mortality relationship was applied to estimate the number of excess deaths due to high air pollution exposure during two red alert periods in Beijing, China in December 2015. Daily PM concentration increased from 80.

Factors Associated With Parents' Intent to Vaccinate Adolescents for Human Papillomavirus: Findings From the 2014 National Immunization Survey-Teen.

Introduction: While factors associated with receipt of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination have been well characterized, less is known about the characteristics associated with parents' intent to have their adolescent children vaccinated. This study aimed to examine factors associated with parental intention toward HPV vaccination.

Methods: We analyzed data on 10,354 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from the 2014 National Immunization Survey-Teen.

Patient, Physician, and Practice Characteristics Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Care for Women.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for American women. Although CVD preventive care has the potential to reduce a significant number of these deaths, the degree to which healthcare providers deliver such care is unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify patient, physician, and practice characteristics that significantly influence the provision of CVD preventive care during ambulatory care visits for female patients.

Inadequate Cancer Screening: Lack of Provider Continuity is a Greater Obstacle than Medical Mistrust.

Background: Racial minorities and low-income individuals are generally less likely to have adequate cancer screening than Whites or higher-income individuals.

Purpose: To examine the roles of medical mistrust and lack of provider continuity in cancer screening in a low-income minority population.

Methods: A total of 144 urban federally qualified health center patients completed a cross-sectional survey that included the Group Based Medical Mistrust Scale and questions on provider continuity and cancer-screening-history.

Competing causes of death in the head and neck cancer population.

Purpose/objectives: The increasing survivorship of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) comes with a risk of death from other causes, known as competing causes. The demographics of HNSCC are also evolving with increasing incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) associated tumors. This study describes competing causes of death for the HNSCC population compared to the general population and identifies associated risk factors.

The acceptability of self-sampled screening for HPV DNA: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine whether or not self-sampled cervical screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is acceptable and if women prefer self-sampling to clinician-based sampling.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Thirty-seven primary studies obtained through a comprehensive search of six electronic bibliographic databases from 1986 to 2014 and other sources.