How do we engage with the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community in blood donation and research? Reflections from the Assessing Donor Variability and New Concepts in Eligibility study.

Background: The Assessing Donor Variability and New Concepts in Eligibility (ADVANCE) study was a multicenter cross-organizational collaboration to collect data to inform possible changes in blood donor selection criteria for men who have sex with men. Multiple recruitment approaches were used, and these may be applicable to current efforts in LGBTQ+ community engagement to recruit new blood donors.

Methods: Fieldwork for ADVANCE was a partnership between blood collection organizations (BCOs) and LGBTQ+ community organizations.

Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28-year lookback study.

Background: For many years, there has been concern about the risk of transmission of classic forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) by blood transfusion, particularly after the recognition of such transmission of variant CJD (vCJD). We report on a 28-year lookback study of recipients of blood from donors who subsequently developed CJD.

Methods: Patients with diagnosed CJD and a history of blood donation were identified.

Endodontic management of submerged roots following complicated traumatic dental injury (TDI) in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Introduction: The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines include the use of decoronation for the management of complex crown-root fractures but do not outline how this technique is best employed. The aim of this review is to reach a consensus in the management of the root canal system in decoronated permanent teeth undergoing root submergence and to determine whether this has an impact on the success and survival of the retained root.

Materials And Methods: Search included databases MEDLINE via Ebsco, EMBASE via Ovid, Web of Science via Clarivate, PubMed via PubMed.

Trajectory and Demographic Correlates of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid in Recently Infected Blood Donors, United States.

We evaluated antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 in a large cohort of blood donors in the United States who were recently infected with the virus. Antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 indicate previous infection but are subject to waning, potentially affecting epidemiologic studies. We longitudinally evaluated a cohort of 19,323 blood donors who had evidence of recent infection by using a widely available serologic test to determine the dynamics of such waning.

Is there evidence of a relationship between pre-eclampsia and periodontitis?

Data Sources: The review searched several databases which included Medline (from 1950), Pubmed (from 1946), Embase (from 1949), Lilacs, Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trial Register, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google Scholar (from 1990).

Study Selection: Two of the authors (LD and HN) independently assessed the eligibility of studies by looking at the titles, abstracts and methods.

COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors: Unique motivations in unique times?

Background: Early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many blood collection organizations (BCOs) were asked to collect and distribute COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) as a potential treatment for this new virus and resulting disease. However, recruiting CCP donors presented unique challenges for BCOs, as there were few recovered patients at this time, and like the general population, most potential CCP donors had no blood donation experience. Thus, many CCP donors were new donors, and their donation motivations were unknown.

Low risk of human T-lymphotropic virus infection in U.S. blood donors; Is it time to consider a one-time selective testing approach?

Background: U.S. blood donors are tested at each donation for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) antibodies.

Validity of donor-reported iron supplementation practices obtained at the time of donation.

Background: Iron supplementation (IS) improves blood donors' iron stores and allows more frequent blood donation. Understanding the accuracy of self-reported IS is helpful for potential application of IS practices to donor eligibility or donation intervals.

Methods: Successful whole blood and red cell apheresis donors completed a survey at donation on the use of select dietary supplements.

Accuracy of preoperative clinical examination and imaging for mandibular resection in oral cancer: a systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy studies.

The aim of this systematic review is not only to analyse the accuracy of clinical examination and radiological preoperative assessment of mandibular invasion reported in isolation, but to highlight those reports that have combined them. A total of 1636 titles and abstracts published between 1995 - 2000 were screened following a literature search in PubMed. Keywords were "mandible" and "squamous cell carcinoma".

Can teledentistry - in particular, photographs - be used to accurately diagnose caries and healthy teeth?

Aim To assess the use of teledenistry (TD) via photographs taken at home in identifying occlusal and vestibular caries by comparing the results with direct clinical assessment.Study design Cross-sectional pilot study.Methods In total, 43 dental students were recruited.

Is the oral health of visually impaired children and adolescents different compared to their sighted peers?

Data sources The review searched for articles via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid. OpenGrey and the Brazilian Digital Library of Thesis and Dissertations (BDTD) were used to search for grey literature. As well as a manual searches of the reference lists from the included studies, a Google Scholar search was undertaken and the first 300 hits were screened.

Management options of early childhood caries.

Data sources The review searched for articles via Medline up to March 2019 for English language papers only.Study selection Two authors screened the reviews initially against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discrepancies were discussed with all authors for the final decision.

Dental professionals' role in the fight against COVID-19: current evidence.

Data sources Five databases were used to search for articles: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane.Study selection All articles with the relevant topics related to COVID-19 and limited to Italian and English Language (with available English abstract) were screened. Additionally, included articles were screened for relevant references.

International survey of strategies to mitigate transfusion-transmitted Trypanosoma cruzi in non-endemic countries, 2016-2018.

Background And Objectives: Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic to Mexico, Central and South America. While initially limited to the Americas, emigration of infected persons triggered geographically broader blood safety challenges. To mitigate transfusion-transmitted Chagas (TTC), transfusion services implemented approaches including risk factor questions and serologic testing.

Frequency of rare, serious donor reactions: International perspective.

Background: Severe blood donor adverse events are rare, but due to their rarity studying them can be difficult. To get an accurate estimate of their frequency and rate in the donor population it may be necessary to combine donation data across countries.

Study Design And Methods: International blood collection organizations (BCOs) provided data on rare/severe donor reactions as well as denominator information for their donor populations from 2015 to 2017.

COVID-19 convalescent plasma donor characteristics, product disposition, and comparison with standard apheresis donors.

Background: With coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent plasma (CCP) offering an early treatment option for COVID-19, blood collectors needed to quickly overcome obstacles to recruiting and qualifying eligible donors. We provide attributes of CCP donors and products and compare to standard donors and products.

Study Design And Methods: Information on CCP donors was gathered from the American Red Cross qualification website through product collection.

Effectiveness of the post-donation instruction sheet in conveying information to repeat blood donors.

Background And Objectives: Written materials are commonly used for blood donor education. While pre-donation materials are largely standardized across US blood collectors, the post-donation instruction sheet (PDIS) is variable and few have been evaluated to assess their effectiveness in conveying information as reflected by donors' attention, understanding and recall.

Methods: An online survey was sent to two independent randomly selected samples of repeat donors, before and after implementation of the enhanced PDIS.

Use of a rapid electronic survey methodology to estimate blood donors' potential exposure to emerging infectious diseases: Application of a statistically representative sampling methodology to assess risk in US blood centers.

Unlabelled: Risk assessments of transfusion-transmitted emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are complicated by the fact that blood donors' demographics and behaviors can be different from the general population. Therefore, when assessing potential blood donor exposure to EIDs, the use of general population characteristics, such as U.S.

Screening Blood Donors for HIV, HCV, and HBV at the American Red Cross: 10-Year Trends in Prevalence, Incidence, and Residual Risk, 2007 to 2016.

Prevalence, incidence and residual risk of HIV, HCV and HBV are critical indicators of the safety of the blood supply. The American Red Cross routinely monitors these markers. Herein the results of testing over 58 million donations from 2007 to 2016 are reported.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease lookback study: 21 years of surveillance for transfusion transmission risk.

Background: Transfusion transmission of human prion diseases has been observed for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), but not for the classic forms of prion disease (CJD: sporadic, genetic, and iatrogenic). Although the presence of prions or misfolded prion proteins in blood has been documented in some patients with the most common form of CJD, sporadic CJD, no transfusion-transmitted cases of CJD have been recognized. Since 1995, the American Red Cross has conducted a lookback study of the recipients of blood products from donors who develop CJD to assess the risk of blood-borne CJD transmission in the United States.

Standardized Symptom Measurement of Individuals with Early Lyme Disease Over Time.

Objective: Understanding the Lyme disease (LD) literature is challenging given the lack of consistent methodology and standardized measurement of symptoms and the impact on functioning. This prospective study incorporates well-validated measures to capture the symptom picture of individuals with early LD from time of diagnosis through 6-months post-treatment.

Method: One hundred seven patients with confirmed early LD and 26 healthy controls were evaluated using standardized instruments for pain, fatigue, depressive symptoms, functional impact, and cognitive functioning.

Imaging Utilization for the Diagnosis of Appendicitis in Stand-Alone Children's Hospitals in the United States: Trends and Costs.

Objective: To describe the imaging utilization patterns for the diagnosis of appendicitis among children's hospitals in the United States over the last 10 years (2005-2014).

Methods: All patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of appendicitis included in a large administrative database of 45 pediatric institutions in the United States between 2005 and 2014 were selected. Demographics, imaging utilization, and costs were described.