Management and treatment algorithm of airway complications after anterior cervical spine surgery: systematic review.

Background: Airway-related complications are rare after cervical spine surgery but can be devastating and compromise a successful outcome. The objective of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the management of airway complications after anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) and propose a treatment algorithm for approaching the patient with a compromised airway.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed and adapted for use in other databases, including the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Library Health Technology Assessment Database, Embase, and the National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database.

Establishing a comprehensive care paradigm: Insights from a specialised combined scoliosis clinic in Australia.

Orthopaedic spine surgery, particularly for adult spinal deformity, demands extensive expertise due to its complex pathologies. Surgical success hinges on precise planning, multidisciplinary collaboration, and advanced techniques to correct deformities and restore spinal alignment. This study investigates the efficacy of a Combined Monthly Scoliosis Clinic initiated in April 2022 at Spine Service, St George Private Hospital.

Machine learning approach to predict venous thromboembolism among patients undergoing multi-level spinal posterior instrumented fusion.

Background: The absence of consensus for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in spine surgery underscores the importance of identifying patients at risk. This study incorporated machine learning (ML) models to assess key risk factors of VTE in patients who underwent posterior spinal instrumented fusion.

Methods: Data was collected from the IBM MarketScan Database [2009-2021] for patients ≥18 years old who underwent spinal posterior instrumentation (3-6 levels), excluding traumas, malignancies, and infections.

Database analysis comparing incidence and complication rates between inpatient and outpatient laminotomies for lumbar disc herniation.

Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common condition that can be characterized with disabling pain. While most patients recover without surgery, some still require operative intervention. The epidemiology and trends of laminotomy for LDH have not been recently studied, and current practice patterns might be different from historical norms.

Historical Redlining, Persistent Mortgage Discrimination, and Race in Breast Cancer Outcomes.

Importance: Inequities created by historical and contemporary mortgage discriminatory policies have implications for health disparities. The role of persistent mortgage discrimination (PMD) in breast cancer (BC) outcomes has not been studied.

Objective: To estimate the race-specific association of historical redlining (HRL) with the development of BC subtypes and late-stage disease and a novel measure of PMD in BC mortality.

Eyes Wide Open: Sleep as a Potential Contributor to Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer.

U.S. racial and ethnic minoritized groups face disproportionate cancer burdens compared to White Americans.

A Comparison of Three Area-Level Indices of Neighborhood Deprivation and Socioeconomic Status and their Applicability to Breast Cancer Mortality.

Neighborhood deprivation indices are widely used in research, but the performance of these indices has rarely been directly compared in the same analysis. We examined the Area Deprivation Index, Neighborhood Deprivation Index, and Yost index, and compared their associations with breast cancer mortality. Indices were constructed for Georgia census block groups using 2011-2015 American Community Survey data.

Attitudes and beliefs about sleep health among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of overweight/obese adults.

Objectives: To identify and compare how sleep-related attitudes and beliefs vary among racially and ethnically diverse adults with risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease.

Methods: This exploratory qualitative study used online focus group discussions (N = 4 groups among 17 individuals) to collect information about sleep attitudes, beliefs, and practices following participation in the Mindfulness Intervention to Improve Sleep and Reduce Diabetes Risk Among a Diverse Sample in Atlanta (MINDS) study. A rapid analyses approach was used to identify shared themes related to attitudes and beliefs about sleep health and sleep practices across participants.

Aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and occurrence of colorectal adenoma in Black American women.

Evidence suggests that aspirin use reduces the occurrence of colorectal neoplasia. Few studies have investigated the association among Black Americans, who are disproportionately burdened by the disease. We assessed aspirin use in relation to colorectal adenoma among Black women.

International Consensus Recommendation Guidelines for Subcutaneous Infusions of Hydration and Medication in Adults: An e-Delphi Consensus Study.

Infusion of fluids and medications is traditionally performed intravenously. However, venous depletion in patients has led to the quest for vessel health preservation. A safe, effective, acceptable, and efficient alternative is the subcutaneous route.

Sacral Fractures: A Review.

At the cornerstone of the pelvis and spine, the sacrum may be fractured in patients of all ages. Sacral fractures range from high-energy injuries, with mortality rates of up to 18%, to low-energy insufficiency fractures. The intricate geometry of the sacrum, the breadth of morphotypes, and the presence of congenital anomalies all can complicate the treatment of these fractures.

Airway Complications After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery: Etiology and Risk Factors.

Study Design: Narrative Review.

Objective: To provide an overview of etiology and risk factors of airway complications after anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS).

Methods: A search was performed in PubMed and adapted for use in other databases, including Embase, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Health Technology Assessment database, and NHS Economic Evaluation Database.

Circadian Disruption and Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Black Women.

Background: Animal and experimental studies suggest circadian disruption increases colorectal cancer risk, but evidence in humans is limited. We examined night shift work, chronotype, and residential position within a time zone, proxies for circadian disruption, in relation to colorectal cancer risk.

Methods: Participants in the Black Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort of 59,000 Black American women established in 1995, reported history of night shift work and chronotype on follow-up questionnaires.

Feasibility, appropriateness, and acceptability of a mobile mindfulness meditation intervention to improve sleep quality among a racially/ethnically diverse population.

Objectives: To evaluate the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of using a mindfulness meditation mobile application to improve sleep quality among a diverse group of adults.

Methods: This explanatory qualitative study used online focus group discussions (N = 4 groups with 17 individuals) to collect information about user experiences with a mindfulness meditation mobile application (Headspace) among participants enrolled in the MINDS study. A rapid analyses approach was used to descriptively compare motivators of app use, barriers and facilitators to app use, and perceived tailoring needs across participants.

What Are the Factors Underlying Colorectal Cancer Health Disparities?

Black Americans have the highest colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates of any U.S. racial/ethnic group.

What PROMIS Scores Correlate With Severe Disability in Cervical Spine Surgery?

Study Design: Institutional Review Board-approved prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To establish a conversion between Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference (PI).

Summary Of Background Data: As the National Institutes of Health (NIH) PROMIS is a global outcome measure, it can be difficult to interpret the clinical implications in patients with cervical spine surgery.

Supine and Dynamic Extension Radiographs as the Strongest Predictors of Post-operative Alignment in Minimally Invasive Lumbar Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Institutional review board-approved retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Failure to achieve alignment goals may result in accelerated adjacent segment degeneration and poorer outcomes. In "open" spine surgery, intraoperative tools can fine tune alignment; minimally invasive spine surgery techniques may not allow for this type of intraoperative adjustment.

A Prospective Analysis of Red and Processed Meat Intake in Relation to Colorectal Cancer in the Black Women's Health Study.

Background: Black Americans have the highest incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) of any racial/ethnic group in the United States. High intake of red and processed meats has been associated with an increased CRC risk in predominately White populations. However, 3 prior studies in Black populations, who have been reported to have high intakes of red and processed meats, have reported no associations.