The relationship between nanobubbles and the hydrophobic force.

The formation of nanobubbles on hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers has been examined in a binary ethanol/water titration using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM data demonstrates a localized force effect attributed to nanobubbles on an immersed hydrophobic surface. This evidence is arguably compromised by the possibility that the AFM tip actually nucleates nanobubbles.