Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis in a Samoan Male With Metabolic Acidosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare disorder characterized by muscle paralysis, thyrotoxicosis, and hypokalemia. It commonly manifests as paralysis of both proximal and distal upper and lower limbs, and if left untreated, may progress to respiratory failure or cardiac arrhythmias. It is most common in Asian males and is frequently precipitated by strenuous exercise, high carbohydrate diet, stress, corticosteroid therapy, or alcohol.

Interaction of Age and Self-reported Physical Sports Activity on White Matter Hyperintensity Volume in Healthy Older Adults.

Cerebral white matter (WM) lesion load, as measured by white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has been associated with increasing age and cardiovascular risk factors, like hypertension. Physical sports activity (PSA) may play an important role in maintaining WM in the context of healthy aging. In 196 healthy older adults, we investigated whether participants reporting high levels of PSA ( = 36) had reduced total and regional WMH volumes compared to those reporting low levels of PSA ( = 160).

Differences between young and older adults in unity and diversity of executive functions.

Miyake and colleagues (2000) identified three independent but correlated components of executive function in young adults - set shifting, inhibition, and updating. The present study compared the factor structure in young adults to two groups of older adults (ages 60-73 and 74-98). A three-factor model of shifting, inhibition and updating was confirmed in young adults, but the factors were weakly or uncorrelated.

Right hippocampal volume mediation of subjective memory complaints differs by hypertension status in healthy aging.

Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) may be an important early indicator of cognitive aging and preclinical Alzheimer's disease risk. This study investigated whether age-related differences in right or left hippocampal volume underlie SMCs, if these relationships differ by hypertension status, and how they are related to objective memory performance in a group of 190 healthy older adults, 50-89 years of age. Analyses revealed a significant mediation of the relationship between age and mild SMCs by right hippocampal volume that was moderated by hypertension status.

Effects of simultaneous cognitive and aerobic exercise training on dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: The ability to walk and perform cognitive tasks simultaneously is a key aspect of daily life. Performance declines in these dual-tasks may be associated with early signs of neurodegenerative disease and increased risk of falls. Thus, interventions to improve dual-task walking performance are of great interest for promoting healthy aging.

Distinct Subtypes of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Based on Patterns of Network Degeneration.

Importance: Clearer delineation of the phenotypic heterogeneity within behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) will help uncover underlying biological mechanisms and improve clinicians' ability to predict disease course and to design targeted management strategies.

Objective: To identify subtypes of bvFTD syndrome based on distinctive patterns of atrophy defined by selective vulnerability of specific functional networks targeted in bvFTD using statistical classification approaches.

Design, Setting And Participants: In this retrospective observational study, 90 patients meeting the Frontotemporal Dementia Consortium consensus criteria for bvFTD underwent evaluation at the Memory and Aging Center of the Department of Neurology at University of California, San Francisco.

Interactive effects of subjective memory complaints and hypertension on learning and memory performance in the elderly.

This study evaluated whether the relation between subjective memory complaints and cognitive performance is influenced by the presence of hypertension in the elderly. One hundred and five healthy older adults, 70-89 years of age, with and without hypertension treatment or diagnosis, completed a scale of subjective memory complaints. Participants were divided into those with mild memory concerns and those with minimal or no complaints.

Odor recognition memory: two encoding trials are better than one.

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effect of one versus two encoding trials in the classical yes/no recognition memory paradigm using olfactory stimuli. A group of 24 young adults rated 18 standard microencapsulated odorant targets for familiarity (first encoding block) or pleasantness (second encoding block). Once-encoded targets were in only one block and twice-encoded targets were in both, with items counterbalanced across participants.