A geospatial approach to identify patterns of antibiotic susceptibility at a neighborhood level in Wisconsin, United States.

The global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) varies regionally. This study explores whether geospatial analysis and data visualization methods detect both clinically and statistically significant variations in antibiotic susceptibility rates at a neighborhood level. This observational multicenter geospatial study collected 10 years of patient-level antibiotic susceptibility data and patient addresses from three regionally distinct Wisconsin health systems (UW Health, Fort HealthCare, Marshfield Clinic Health System [MCHS]).

"What brought you in today?": Modeling patient-provider clinic visits to characterize rural providers' antibiotic treatment decisions.

Background: Designing clinical decision support (CDS) tools is challenging because clinical decision-making must account for an invisible task load: incorporating non-linear objective and subjective factors to make an assessment and treatment plan. This calls for a cognitive task analysis approach.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to 1.

Surveillance for multidrug resistant Escherichia coli carriage in cattle, dogs and humans reveals predominance of CMY-2, CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-9 groups of β-lactamases.

Global spread of antimicrobial multidrug resistance (MDR) in human and veterinary medicine relies upon diagnostics, surveillance and stewardship to guide mitigation. Utilizing surveillance of fecal samples from our service area for detecting MDR Escherichia coli carriage in humans (2143), dogs (627), and cattle (130), we found isolates resistant to third/fourth generation cephems present in 3.7 %, 13.

Application of consolidated framework for implementation research to improve Clostridioides difficile infection management in district hospitals.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) contributes the global threats of drug resistant infections, healthcare acquired infections and antimicrobial resistance. Yet CDI knowledge among healthcare providers in low-resource settings is limited and CDI testing, treatment, and infection prevention measures are often delayed.

Objectives: to develop a CDI intervention informed by the local context within South African public district level hospitals, and analyze the CDI intervention and implementation process.

A One Health Approach to Compare Self-Prescribed Antibiotic Use across Rural and Semi-urban Populations in San Lucas Tolimán, Guatemala.

Antimicrobial resistance resulting from antibiotic overuse represents an increasing public health challenge. The purpose of this study was to investigate antibiotic self-medication practices in a rural, indigenous Guatemalan population, and to compare self-prescribing patterns in rural and semi-urban populations using a One Health integrated approach, a framework acknowledging that health arises at the interface of humans, animals, and the environment. We conducted a mixed methods study using semi-structured interviews in and around San Lucas Tolimán, Guatemala.

Assessment of perceived workload in academic health center community pharmacies before and after implementation of a central call center.

Purpose: Results of a study to determine whether reducing pharmacy phone call workload through implementation of a pharmacy services call center (PSCC) led to decreased employee workload, improved efficiency, and increased pharmacist availability for patient care are reported.

Methods: A pre-post study was conducted using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) instrument. Pharmacists, pharmacy technicians at 7 academic health center community pharmacies, and PSCC staff provided NASA-TLX data over 5 days during 3 data collection periods before and after PSCC implementation.

Geographic Mapping of Escherichia coli Susceptibility To Develop a Novel Clinical Decision Support Tool.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) varies regionally. This study longitudinally maps susceptibility leveraging Wisconsin antibiograms ( = 202) collected from 2009, 2013, and 2015 to inform the development of a novel clinical decision support tool. Spatial interpolation methods were tested with susceptibilities to create geographic AMR visualizations and to estimate susceptibility in areas without AMR data.

infection perceptions and practices: a multicenter qualitative study in South Africa.

Background: infection (CDI) is understudied in limited resource settings. In addition, provider awareness of CDI as a prevalent threat is unknown. An assessment of current facilitators and barriers to CDI identification, management, and prevention is needed in limited resource settings to design and evaluate quality improvement strategies to effectively minimize the risk of CDI.

Epidemiology and outcomes of infection among hospitalised patients: results of a multicentre retrospective study in South Africa.

Introduction: Limited data exist on infection (CDI) in low-resource settings and settings with high prevalence of HIV. We aimed to determine baseline CDI patient characteristics and management and their contribution to mortality.

Methods: We reviewed adult patients hospitalised with diarrhoea and a test result in 2015 from four public district hospitals in the Western Cape, South Africa.