Preferences regarding Disclosure of Risk for Parkinson's Disease in a Population-based Study.

Background: Preferences for risk disclosure in population-based studies assessing Parkinson's disease (PD) risk have not been assessed so far.

Objectives: To examine preferences for risk disclosure in a subset of the European Healthy Brain Aging (HeBA) multicenter study.

Methods: After a remote PD risk assessment, a structured pilot-questionnaire on risk disclosure was first presented to participants (≥50 years, without neurodegenerative diseases) during in-person visits at the Innsbruck study site.

Pain in Multiple System Atrophy: A Community-Based Survey.

Background: Pain is a frequent yet poorly characterized symptom of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Understanding the factors influencing pain and its burden is crucial for improving the symptomatic treatment and quality of life of MSA individuals.

Objective: This study aimed at assessing the prevalence, characteristics, and current treatment strategies for pain in MSA.

Objective and subjective cognitive outcomes one year after COVID-19.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate subjective cognitive, physical, and mental health symptoms as well as objective cognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients 1 year after infection.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Seventy-four patients, who contracted a SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2020, underwent an in-person neuropsychological assessment in 2021.

Cognitive, Mental Health, Functional, and Quality of Life Outcomes 1 Year After Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) frequently encounter cognitive dysfunction and mental health issues with negative effects on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Here, we aimed to describe the prevalence of cognitive deficits, mental health problems, and HR-QoL impairments 1 year after SAH.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, 177 patients with SAH admitted to our neurointensive care unit over a time span of ten years followed the invitation for an in-person 1-year follow-up, including a standardized neuropsychological test battery.

Pain in Multiple System Atrophy a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Individuals with multiple system atrophy (MSA) often complain about pain, nonetheless this remains a poorly investigated non-motor feature of MSA.

Objectives: Here, we aimed at assessing the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors for pain in individuals with MSA.

Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically screened the PubMED, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for papers published in English until September 30, 2022, combining the following keywords: "pain," "multiple system atrophy," "MSA," "olivopontocerebellar atrophy," "OPCA," "striatonigral degeneration," "SND," "Shy Drager," and "atypical parkinsonism.

Recognition and perception of emotions in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Objective: Perception and recognition of emotions are fundamental prerequisites of human life. Patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) may have emotional and behavioral impairments that might influence socially desirable interactions. We aimed to investigate perception and recognition of emotions in patients with JME by means of neuropsychological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Challenges in Understanding Numerical Learning: Editorial for Special Issue "Neurocognitive Signatures of Math (Learning) across the Lifespan and Their Interrelation with Other Aspects of Cognition and Emotion".

Living in our information- and technology-driven society at the beginning of the 21st century requires the ability to understand and handle numbers not only for a successful career but also for coping with everyday life tasks [...

Brain microdialysate tau dynamics predict functional and neurocognitive recovery after poor-grade subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Subarachnoid haemorrhage is a devastating disease that results in neurocognitive deficits and a poor functional outcome in a considerable proportion of patients. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of microtubule-associated tau protein measured in the cerebral microdialysate for long-term functional and neuropsychological outcomes in poor-grade subarachnoid haemorrhage patients. We recruited 55 consecutive non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage patients who underwent multimodal neuromonitoring, including cerebral microdialysis.

Cognitive dysfunction 1 year after COVID-19: evidence from eye tracking.

Increasing evidence suggests persistent cognitive dysfunction after COVID-19. In this cross-sectional study, frontal lobe function was assessed 12 months after the acute phase of the disease, using tailored eye tracking assessments. Individuals who recovered from COVID-19 made significantly more errors in all eye tracking tasks compared to age/sex-matched healthy controls.

Neurological outcomes 1 year after COVID-19 diagnosis: A prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background And Purpose: Neurological sequelae from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may persist after recovery from acute infection. Here, the aim was to describe the natural history of neurological manifestations over 1 year after COVID-19.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study in COVID-19 survivors was performed.

Emotional Recognition in Patients With Mesial Temporal Epilepsy Associated With Enlarged Amygdala.

Background: Amygdalae play a central role in emotional processing by interconnecting frontal cortex and other brain structures. Unilateral amygdala enlargement (AE) is associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). In a relatively large sample of patients with mTLE and AE, we aimed to evaluate functional integration of AE in emotion processing and to determine possible associations between fMRI activation patterns in amygdala and deficits in emotion recognition as assessed by neuropsychological testing.

Factors associated with impaired quality of life three months after being diagnosed with COVID-19.

Purpose: To assess patient characteristics associated with health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and its mental and physical subcategories 3 months after diagnosis with COVID-19.

Methods: In this prospective multicentre cohort study, HR-QoL was assessed in 90 patients using the SF-36 questionnaire (36-item Short Form Health Survey), which consists of 8 health domains that can be divided into a mental and physical health component. Mental health symptoms including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 (PCL-5) 3 months after COVID-19.

Understanding of Numerical Information during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Media news during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic often entail complex numerical concepts such as exponential increase or reproduction number. This study investigated whether people have difficulties in understanding such information and whether these difficulties are related to numerical competence, reflective thinking, and risk proneness. One hundred sixty-three participants provided answers to a numeracy scale focusing on complex numerical concepts relevant to COVID-19 (COV Numeracy Scale).

Decision Making under Risk in Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia or Depression.

Studies have reported difficulties in decision making for patients with schizophrenia or depression. Here, we investigated whether there are differences between schizophrenia patients, depressed patients, and healthy individuals (HC) when decisions are to be made under risk and cognitive flexibility is required. We were also interested in the relationships between decision making, cognitive functioning, and disease severity.

Handwriting in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Agraphia is a typical feature in the clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: Assess the differences between AD and normal aging as regards kinematographic features of handwriting and elucidate writing deficits in AD.

Methods: The study included 23 patients with AD (78.

German translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the unidimensional self-efficacy scale for multiple sclerosis.

Background: Self-efficacy concerns individuals' beliefs in their capability to exercise control in specific situations and complete tasks successfully. In people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), self-efficacy has been associated with physical activity levels and quality of life. As a validated German language self-efficacy scale for PwMS is missing the aims of this study were to translate the Unidimensional Self-Efficacy Scale for Multiple Sclerosis (USE-MS) into German, establish face and content validity and cultural adaptation of the German version for PwMS in Austria.

Differential Impact of Education on Cognitive Performance in Neurological Patients with Progressive Cognitive Decline.

Background: Education has a protective effect toward cognitive decline in advanced age and is an important factor contributing to cognitive reserve.

Objective: To elucidate the interaction effect of education and global mental status on cognitive performance of older patients with progressive cognitive decline.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,392 patients.

Neurological outcome and quality of life 3 months after COVID-19: A prospective observational cohort study.

Background And Purpose: To assess neurological manifestations and health-related quality of life (QoL) 3 months after COVID-19.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study we systematically evaluated neurological signs and diseases by detailed neurological examination and a predefined test battery assessing smelling disorders (16-item Sniffin Sticks test), cognitive deficits (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), QoL (36-item Short Form), and mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5) 3 months after disease onset.

Results: Of 135 consecutive COVID-19 patients, 31 (23%) required intensive care unit (ICU) care (severe), 72 (53%) were admitted to the regular ward (moderate), and 32 (24%) underwent outpatient care (mild) during acute disease.

Occupation-related effects on motor cortex thickness among older, cognitive healthy individuals.

Both, decline of sensorimotor functions and cortical thickness are known processes in healthy aging. Physical activity has been suggested to enhance the execution of daily routine activities and to extend the time of functional independence in advanced age. We hypothesized that cortical thickness of motor areas in retired individuals could be related to physical demands of the profession carried out during working life.

Decision making and framing effects in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Previous studies reported reduced decision-making abilities for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) relative to healthy controls (HC). This study aimed to evaluate whether these problems arise when sampling information or when pondering about the evidence collected.

Methods: In a cross-sectional, controlled study, 43 relapsing-remitting MS patients (RRMS; Expanded Disability Status Scale 1.

Effects of Cognitive Functioning and Education on Later-Life Health Numeracy.

Introduction: Previous studies have shown an association between a high health numeracy and good cognitive functioning.

Objective: To investigate the moderation effect of education on this relationship and which brain structures support health numeracy.

Methods: We examined 70 healthy older persons (66% females; mean ± SD: age, 75.

Augmentation in restless legs syndrome: an eye tracking study on emotion processing.

Objective: To assess emotional processing and alexithymia in patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) with augmentation versus those who never had augmentation.

Methods: We recruited 26 patients who had a history of augmentation (AUG), either current or past, 27 RLS patients treated with dopamine agonists who never had augmentation (RLS controls), and 21 healthy controls (HC). All participants were screened for impulse control disorders (ICDs).

Cognitive reserve does not support the retrieval of well-known proper names in older people.

Objective: To assess the role of cognitive reserve, age, gender and brain structure in proper name retrieval in advanced age.

Method: Performance in 2 naming tasks (asking for proper names or common names) and 2 memory tasks was assessed. In separate hierarchical regressions, we evaluated whether retrieval was predicted by gray matter thickness or volume in selected structures (Model 1) and whether the addition of age and gender (Model 2) or of education (Model 3) explained significantly more variance.

Language Dominance in Patients With Malformations of Cortical Development and Epilepsy.

Language function may be reorganized in patients with malformations of cortical development (MCD). This prospective cohort study aimed in assessing language dominance in a large group of patients with MCD and epilepsy using functional MRI (fMRI). Sixty-eight patients (40 women) aged 10-73 years (median, 28.