Spinal alignment, surgery, and outcomes in cervical deformity: A practical guide to aid the spine surgeon.

Compared to the thoracolumbar spine, the literature on cervical spine alignment is scarce. While a consistent number of articles have been published, few analyze the ideal surgical approaches for each type of deformity and the optimal amount of correction to achieve. This paper provides a comprehensive review of current literature on cervical spinal deformities (with or without myelopathy) and their surgical management; it is our goal to create a framework on which surgical planning can be made.

The frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic approach: reconstructive technique and outcome.

Background: The frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic (FTOZ) approach, also known as "the workhorse of skull base surgery," has captured the interest of many researchers throughout the years. Most of the studies published have focused on the surgical technique and the gained exposure. However, few studies have described reconstructive techniques or functional and cosmetic outcomes.

California makes unprecedented commitment to fund stem cell research.

California voters commit $3 billion over the next ten years to stem cell research.