Opioid-related adverse drug reactions in patients visiting the emergency division of a tertiary hospital.

Opioid use and associated morbidity and mortality have increased in several countries during the past 20 years. We performed a study whose objective was to assess the frequency and causes of opioid-related emergency division (ED) visits in an adult tertiary Swiss University Hospital over 9 weeks in 2018. We primarily assessed opioid-related adverse drug reactions (ADR), secondary overdose, misuse, abuse, and insufficient pain relief.

[Acute pain management in opioid-maintained patients].

Treatment of acute nociceptive pain in patients with opioid substitution therapy (OST) is an actual topic. The clinical features of this population, as pain sensibility, and the pharmacological features of OST, require an individualized care which must be adjusted to the patient's pain and the OST used. This article offers a summary of the main possible pharmacological strategies by highlighting the features of pain in these patients and removing the barriers to an effective management.

Evaluation of problematic psychoactive substances use in people placed in police custody.

Introduction And Aims: In France, the law states that any person held in custody could be examined by a doctor. The main objective of the medical examination is to give medical evidence of health compatibility with custody. This review identifies health risks such as addictive behaviour.

PHEDRE trial protocol - observational study of the prevalence of problematic use of Equimolar Mixture of Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide (EMONO) and analgesics in the French sickle-cell disease population.

Background: The use of analgesics can lead to cases of drug abuse and dependence. It can also cause pseudo-addiction in patients suffering from pain. What is the actual situation in patients suffering from severe sickle-cell disease, exposed to acute pain during vaso-occlusive crises? Evaluation of the use of analgesics, on the basis of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for substance abuse and dependence, makes it possible to differentiate the symptoms occurring only in a context of pain, in the aim of managing the pain, and thus describing pseudo-addiction, from symptoms also occurring when there is no pain, and more in favour of true addiction.

Crushed and injected buprenorphine tablets: characteristics of princeps and generic solutions.

Self-injection of high-dose buprenorphine is responsible for well-described complications. In 2011, we have been alerted by unusual but serious cutaneous complication among injection buprenorphine users. A prospective data collection identified 30 cases of necrotic cutaneous lesions after injection of filtered buprenorphine solution, among which 25 cases occurred following injection of buprenorphine generics.

Medical, social, and law characteristics of intoxicant's users medically examined in police custody.

Introduction: There are no studies on medically examined persons in custody which specifically focus on identifying dependence profiles among users of intoxicants. Nonetheless, the characterisation of dependence profiles for intoxicants such as alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, amphetamines and their by-products is a medical necessity in this setting.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, monocentric, open-ended study conducted by structured questionnaire was carried out on detainees who admitted to having taken an intoxicant/s (tobacco, alcohol, drugs or illegal substances).

[Diagnostic of pharmacodependence: comparison between patients and doctors approaches. Introduction].

Unlabelled: The aim of our study is to evaluate the extent of agreement between pharmacodependence to benzodiazepines, as diagnosed by doctors and as self evaluated by patients, using DSM-IV dependence criteria. Method. This is a prospective study.

Clinical profiles as a function of level and type of impulsivity in a sample group of at-risk and pathological gamblers seeking treatment.

Level and type of impulsivity are essential variables to be taken into consideration during the initial evaluation of a pathological gambler. The aim of this study was to measure the score for 4 impulsivity-related traits (Urgency, (lack of) Premeditation, (lack of) Perseverance and Sensation seeking) in a sample group of at-risk and pathological gamblers, and to highlight any links with certain elements of clinical data. The UPPS Impulsive Behaviour Scale was administered to 84 problem gamblers seeking treatment.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among pathological and at-risk gamblers seeking treatment: a hidden disorder.

Background: The links between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders have been the subject of numerous papers. Few studies, however, have focused specifically on the relationship between ADHD and behavioural addictions. The aim of this study was to (i) examine the frequency of pathological and at-risk gamblers having a previous history of ADHD; (ii) give details of the characteristics of this association, and (iii) identify risk factors for a history of ADHD.

Pharmacoepidemiological characterization of psychotropic drugs consumption using a latent class analysis.

France has one of the highest recorded rates of psychotropic use of drugs compared with other European countries, especially for anxiolytics, hypnotics and antidepressants. The aim of this study was to characterize the use of three psychotropic drugs among the most prescribed in France (bromazepam, paroxetine, zolpidem) using reimbursement databases in real-life conditions. Individuals from a region affiliated to the French General Health Insurance Scheme, who had received at least two dispensings of bromazepam, paroxetine or zolpidem reimbursed between 1 January and 30 June 2008, were included.