Comfort Levels of Outpatient Health Care Professionals When Asking About Substance Use-Related Sexual Activity: A Pilot Survey.

Background: Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based intervention for substance use. Health care professionals may not receive SBIRT training or know of substance use's intersection with sexual activity. This pilot survey inquired about SBIRT training history, attitudes, and comfort among outpatient health care professionals, including assessing sexual activity-related use.

Desire and craving measured using behavioral ratings and brain network topology differ significantly among moderate to heavy alcohol consumers.

Background: "Craving" is a central concept in alcohol research, but the semantic interpretation of craving as a concept varies. Multiple studies that have investigated differences in operational definitions of craving have demonstrated a lack of agreement among them. This study investigated whether moderate to heavy drinkers would rate craving and "desire" for alcohol similarly and explored potential neurobiological differences underpinning feelings of craving and desire.

Rates and types of urine drug screen false negative results compared with confirmatory toxicology testing in major trauma patients.

Background: Trauma centers are required to screen patients for alcohol use, and if necessary, intervene and refer to treatment (SBIRT). Similar screening for illicit drug use is recommended but not required. Urine drug screening (UDS) underestimates problematic substance use.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and alcohol and drug use comorbidity at 25 US level I trauma centers.

Background: Questions regarding the extent to which post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is comorbid with alcohol and drug use are particularly germane in an era when the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT) is considering policy requiring screening, intervention and/or referral services for patients presenting with psychological sequalae of traumatic injury. Literature review revealed few multisite trauma-center-based investigations that have assessed the association between PTSD symptoms and alcohol and drug use comorbidities in injured patients.

Methods: This investigation was a secondary analysis of baseline data collected prior to randomization in a 25-site trauma center pragmatic clinical trial.

SBIRT administered by mental health counselors for hospitalized adults with substance misuse or disordered use: Evaluating hospital utilization and costs.

Objective: We analyzed the association of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) with hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, and related costs, when administered to inpatients with substance misuse or disordered use by professional mental health counselors.

Methods: Our study used retrospective program and health records data and a difference-in-differences design with propensity score covariates. The study population consisted of hospital inpatients admitted to integrated care services staffed by physicians, nurses, and mental health counselors.

All-Terrain Vehicle Injury in Children and Youth: Examining Current Knowledge and Future Needs.

Background: All-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related injuries remain a large public health problem in the United States and disproportionately affect American youth. Although children account for only 14-18% of ATV riders, they comprise 37-57% of those injured in ATV-related accidents. Since the U.

Trauma Center Youth Violence Screening and Brief Interventions: A Multisite Pilot Feasibility Study.

Every day, 16 American youths between the ages of 10 and 24 years are murdered; 84% of these fatalities involve a firearm. Nearly half of traumatic youth deaths result from violence-related injuries. In 2013, 580,250 youth suffered nonfatal, assault-related injuries, necessitating emergency department treatment.