Community-based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high-income countries.

Background: An unprecedented number of people around the world are experiencing forced displacement due to natural or man-made events. More than 50% of refugees worldwide are children or adolescents. In addition to the challenges of settling in a new country, many have witnessed or experienced traumatic events.

A Computer Vision-Based Yoga Pose Grading Approach Using Contrastive Skeleton Feature Representations.

The main objective of yoga pose grading is to assess the input yoga pose and compare it to a standard pose in order to provide a quantitative evaluation as a grade. In this paper, a computer vision-based yoga pose grading approach is proposed using contrastive skeleton feature representations. First, the proposed approach extracts human body skeleton keypoints from the input yoga pose image and then feeds their coordinates into a pose feature encoder, which is trained using contrastive triplet examples; finally, a comparison of similar encoded pose features is made.

Interest in and Use of Smoking Cessation Support Across Pregnancy and Postpartum.

Background: Limited research exists on interest in and use of smoking cessation support in pregnancy and postpartum.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort of pregnant smokers and recent ex-smokers were recruited in Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom (N = 850). Data were collected at 8-26 weeks gestation, 34-36 weeks gestation, and 3 months postpartum and used as three cross-sectional surveys.

Smoking and quit attempts during pregnancy and postpartum: a longitudinal UK cohort.

Objectives: Pregnancy motivates women to try stopping smoking, but little is known about timing of their quit attempts and how quitting intentions change during pregnancy and postpartum. Using longitudinal data, this study aimed to document women's smoking and quitting behaviour throughout pregnancy and after delivery.

Design: Longitudinal cohort survey with questionnaires at baseline (8-26 weeks' gestation), late pregnancy (34-36 weeks) and 3 months after delivery.

Quantifying the effect of complications on patient flow, costs and surgical throughputs.

Background: Postoperative adverse events are known to increase length of stay and cost. However, research on how adverse events affect patient flow and operational performance has been relatively limited to date. Moreover, there is paucity of studies on the use of simulation in understanding the effect of complications on care processes and resources.

Visualising variation in mortality rates across the life course and by sex, USA and comparator states, 1933-2010.

Background: Previous research showed that younger adult males in the USA have, since the 1950s, died at a faster rate than females of the same age. In this paper, we quantify this difference, and explore possible explanations for the differences at different ages and in different years.

Methods: Using data from the Human Mortality Database (HMD), the number of additional male deaths per 10 000 female deaths was calculated for each year from 1933 to 2010, and for each year of age from 0 to 60 years, for the USA, and a number of other countries for comparison.

Measuring expectations of benefit from treatment in acupuncture trials: a systematic review.

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review that aimed to document and describe how (1) expectation of benefit from treatment (response expectancies) were measured and reported in acupuncture trials, and (2) examine any effect on outcomes.

Design: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CIHAHL, CENTRAL and Science and Technology Proceedings up to November 2007 for randomised (RCT) and quasi-randomised (CCT) controlled trials and prospective controlled cohorts of acupuncture as treatment for a medical or psychological condition in adults. An update citation search was conducted in April 2010.

Visualizing Europe's demographic scars with coplots and contour plots.

We present two enhancements to existing methods for visualizing vital statistics data. Data from the Human Mortality Database were used and vital statistics from England and Wales are used for illustration. The simpler of these methods involves coplotting mean age of death with its variance, and the more complex of these methods is to present data as a contour plot.

Acanthosis nigricans predicts the clustering of metabolic syndrome components in Hispanic elementary school-aged children.

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a dermatologic condition associated with hyperinsulinemia, a marker of insulin resistance that is the principal abnormality in metabolic syndrome (MetS). We examined the association of AN with the clustering of MetS components.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban school-based health center in New Mexico.