How can we build structural resilience? Integration of social-ecological and minority stress models.

As the United States contends with racism and a social justice reckoning, the need to advance our understanding of how to build structural resilience continues to be pressing. This article proposes a culturally and structurally informed model of resilience for individuals with minoritized identities that integrates social-ecological and minority stress models. First, common stressors and traumas experienced by minoritized individuals at multiple levels of proximal/distal influence are reviewed: microsystem (e.

COBRE Center for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR COBRE): A Regional and National Hub for Transformative Research to Elucidate and Mitigate the Lasting Imprint of Early Stress and Trauma.

Early adversity is a major contributor to psychiatric conditions and poor physical health that burden individuals and groups across Rhode Island, the United States, and globally. We established a Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR) at The Miriam Hospital to identify mechanisms linking early adversity and health, to curtail detrimental consequences of stress and trauma, and promote resilience. The STAR COBRE is a vibrant regional and national hub for transformative research to elucidate and mitigate the lasting imprint of stress and trauma across the lifespan.

Association between antepartum admission and postpartum depressive symptoms.

Background: Postpartum depression affects 14% of pregnant individuals and is a leading cause of preventable maternal mortality. Complications of pregnancy, such as preterm labor or pre-eclampsia, may require hospitalization for close monitoring and management. The impact of an antenatal hospitalization during pregnancy on postnatal depression remains understudied.

Community-engaged research: Bringing the science of developmental psychopathology into the real world.

The science of developmental psychopathology has made outstanding progress over the past 40 years in understanding adaptive and maladaptive developmental processes across the life span. Yet most of this work has been researcher driven with little involvement of community partners in the research process, limiting the potential public health significance of our work. To continue to advance the field we must move beyond the physical and conceptual walls of our research laboratories and into the real world.

The Interactive Effects of Rejection and Rumination on Diurnal Cortisol among Adolescent Girls: A Preliminary Daily Diary Study.

Background: The perseverative cognition hypothesis stipulates that rumination (repetitive, passive, uncontrollable negative thinking) prolongs the experience of a stressor which impacts stress physiology. In line with this hypothesis, we proposed that in response to real-life experiences of social rejection, adolescent girls who ruminate would show a blunted diurnal cortisol slope the next day relative to girls who do not ruminate. We also examined the effects of social rejection and rumination on waking cortisol levels and the cortisol awakening response.

Leveraging machine learning to study how temperament scores predict pre-term birth status.

Background: Preterm birth (birth at <37 completed weeks gestation) is a significant public heatlh concern worldwide. Important health, and developmental consequences of preterm birth include altered temperament development, with greater dysregulation and distress proneness.

Aims: The present study leveraged advanced quantitative techniques, namely machine learning approaches, to discern the contribution of narrowly defined and broadband temperament dimensions to birth status classification (full-term vs.

Reactivity to Peer Rejection Moderates the Effect of Victimization on Adolescent Girls' Depressive Symptoms: A Prospective Study.

Peer victimization and bullying behaviors are prevalent during adolescence and have been linked to depression. This study examined whether peer rejection reactivity, defined as physiological responses to peer exclusion, moderated the associations of victimization and bullying behaviors with depressive symptoms 12 months later in a sample of female youths (N = 79, M = 13.37 ± 2.

Addressing Burnout and Enhancing Well-Being Among Academic Physicians: A Call for Future Research and Organizational Support.

Description Burnout among academic physicians, who navigate multiple roles beyond the clinical environment, is a pressing issue. However, the factors driving burnout among academic physicians are not fully understood. Prior research has revealed differences in burnout dimensions between clinical and basic science faculty, but the impact of balancing research, education, and clinical demands on academic physicians is still unclear.

Participation in staff engagement campaigns at large healthcare organisations: a focus group study.

Introduction: Healthcare organisations work better with an engaged workforce, and staff-engagement campaigns offer a method to build this engagement. Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (LTHT), one of the UK's largest Trusts, provides an example of where an organisation-wide engagement intervention has been used in a healthcare setting. This study aimed to understand why staff participate, or do not participate, in staff-engagement campaigns, supporting healthcare leaders to increase participation in future campaigns.

Differential impact of prenatal PTSD symptoms and preconception trauma exposure on placental and methylation.

Perinatal stress is associated with altered placental methylation, which plays a critical role in fetal development and infant outcomes. This proof-of-concept pilot study investigated the impact of lifetime trauma exposure and perinatal PTSD symptoms on epigenetic regulation of placenta glucocorticoid signaling genes ( and Lifetime trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms during pregnancy were assessed in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of pregnant women ( = 198). Participants were categorized into three groups: (1) No Trauma (-T); (2) Trauma, No Symptoms (T - S); and (3) Trauma and Symptoms (T + S).

Use and co-use of tobacco and cannabis before, during, and after pregnancy: A longitudinal analysis of waves 1-5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

Unlabelled: [Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 38(7) of (see record 2025-40494-001). In Table 1, the Past 30-day cannabis use row now appears as Past 30-day cannabis only use; the Past 30-day tobacco use row now appears as Any past 30-day tobacco use. The Total sample at prepregnancy sample of 344 (50.

Perceptions of family functioning impact smoking during pregnancy.

Background: Although socio-environmental factors are known to contribute to the maintenance of smoking behavior, few studies have examined the impact of family functioning on smoking during pregnancy.

Objective: The current study examined the relationship between perceptions of family functioning and smoking during pregnancy.

Methods: Pregnant women ( = 345, 59% ethnic/racial minority) completed the Family Assessment Device, a gold-standard assessment examining perceptions of family functioning in seven domains.

Female adolescents' early life stress and body mass index: Differential effects of anger and anxiety in response to rejection.

Introduction: Early life stress is linked to childhood obesity. As children enter adolescence, early life stress may be associated with increased rejection sensitivity, resulting in activation of behavioral and physiological changes that contribute to higher body mass index (BMI). Understanding the potential influence of rejection sensitivity on the association between early life stress and BMI is important to examine in female adolescents.

Bringing people together through shared purpose and identity: lessons learnt from NHS Providers CEO Sir Julian Hartley.

Introduction: The healthcare sector is facing increased demand with reduced resources, yet despite these challenges, leaders such as NHS Providers CEO Sir Julian Hartley have created cultures where the workforce can realise shared values, through a focus on staff engagement. This article describes Julian's journey, through the eyes of a doctor-in-training working in an organisation he has led, to understand what we can learn from his approach to leadership.

Narrative: As a manager, Julian saw how many different people it takes to make the NHS work, and decided the role of an NHS leader was to bring people together, through a strong sense of shared purpose and identity.

The History Of Clinical Psychology and its Relationship to Ableism: Using the Past to Inform Future Directions in Disability-Affirming Care.

Despite the prominence of psychological testing in the early history of clinical psychology in the US, harms perpetuated by and within the field on disabled communities are seldom considered in clinical psychology's teaching, education, and practice. We review clinical psychology's historical and current relationship to ableism-the systematic discrimination, exclusion, and oppression of people with physical or mental disabilities and chronic illnesses. This paper also discusses the medical model of disability, perspectives on current treatments from members of the disability community, the impacts of disability stigma on professional and academic settings for clinical psychology, and future directions for disability-affirming practices.

Premium and Non-Premium Cigar Use Among a Nationally Representative Sample of Reproductive Age Women: Findings from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Introduction: Little is known about cigar use among women of reproductive age, especially potential differences relating to the use of premium versus non-premium cigars.

Aims And Methods: Using 2010-2019 data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, rates and trends in premium and non-premium cigar use were determined among women of reproductive age (18-49; n = 5651). Weighted sociodemographic characteristics, substance co-use, patterns of use, and health indicators were compared between women using premium versus non-premium cigars.

Experiences of maltreatment in childhood are associated with increasing anxiety and lower body acceptance over pregnancy.

Objective: Prior studies have established that childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors are at increased risk for anxiety during pregnancy. Less is known about the course of anxiety throughout pregnancy for CSA survivors as well as underlying mechanisms linking CSA and perinatal anxiety. We assessed change in anxiety over the course of pregnancy for CSA survivors and examined whether acceptance and awareness of pregnancy-related body changes mediated this change.

Neural activation to peer acceptance and rejection in relation to concurrent and prospective depression risk in adolescent and pre-adolescent girls.

Neurobiological sensitivity to peer interactions is a proposed marker of risk for adolescent depression. We investigated neural response to peer rejection and acceptance in relation to concurrent and prospective depression risk in adolescent and pre-adolescent girls. Participants were 76 girls (M=13, 45% racial/ethnic minorities) varying in depression risk: 22 with current major depressive disorder (MDD), 30 at High Risk for MDD based on parental history, and 24 at Low Risk with no psychiatric history.

Placenta DNA methylation levels of the promoter region of the leptin receptor gene are associated with infant cortisol.

The intrauterine environment and early life stress regulation are widely recognized as an early foundation for lifelong physical and mental health. Methylation of CpG sites in the placenta represents an epigenetic modification that can potentially affect placental function, influence fetal development, and ultimately impact the health of offspring by programming the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stress response during prenatal development. Leptin, an adipokine produced by the placenta, is essential for energy homeostasis.

Waterpipe Tobacco (Hookah) Use in Pregnancy: Associations with Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy.

Objective: Waterpipe tobacco (WPT) use is common among reproductive age patients and is often perceived as safer than cigarette use. Prior studies have shown a decrease in nausea and vomiting symptoms among pregnant women who use cigarettes, but no studies to date have examined these symptoms in pregnant women who use WPT. This study was aimed to investigate the extent of symptoms of nausea/vomiting of pregnancy among participants who self-reported WPT use during pregnancy.

Reasons for Use of Electronic Cigarettes, Cigars, and Hookah in Pregnant Women in Rhode Island: A Preliminary Study.

Background: The current study examined reasons pregnant women in Rhode Island use non-cigarette nicotine/tobacco products during and prior to pregnancy.

Methods: Of the 124 pregnant women in Rhode Island enrolled in the study, 91% self-reported ever using e- cigarettes, hookah or cigars, and reasons for their use. We compared responses between participants who used these products during pregnancy (prenatal) and those who used prior to pregnancy (lifetime) for each product separately.